Process of preparing nanocrystalline powders of an electroactive

Details Process of preparing nanocrystalline powders of an electroactive Process of preparing nanocrystalline powders of an electroactive

1992-04-30

1995-03-07

Roy, Upendra

Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therei

Compositions

Loose particulate mixture containing metal particles

147 33, B22F 100

Patent

active

053954220

ABSTRACT:
There are described powders comprising agglomerated nanocrystals of an electroactive alloy and oxygen. The main component of the alloy can be of nickel, cobalt, iron or mixtures thereof while the alloying element is one or more transition metals such as Mo, W, V, the alloy also including oxygen. Preferably the nanocrystals will be made of an alloy of nickel, molybdenum and oxygen. An electrode which is used by compacting the powders is also disclosed. Also disclosed, is a process for producing the powders by providing particles of nickel, cobalt and iron or oxides thereof with particles of at least one transition metal, (Mo, W, V) or oxides thereof and subjecting the particles to high energy mechanical alloying such as ball milling under conditions which include oxygen and for a sufficient period of time to produce a nanocrystalline alloy. Electrodes produced from these powders have an electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution which is comparable or higher than the electrodes which are presently used in the electrochemical industry. Moreover, these materials present an excellent chemical, electrochemical and mechanical stability. When use as a cathode the powders are useful in water electrolyzers, in chlor-alkali or the like cells.

REFERENCES:
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patent: 4799955 (1989-01-01), McClellan
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 405-410, 1987, D. E. Brown, et al., "Low Overvoltage Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolving Electrodes".
Electrochimica Acta, vol. 29, No. 11, pp. 1551-1556, 1984, D. E. Brown, et al., "Preparation and Characterization of Low Overvoltage Transition Metal Alloy Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Solutions".
Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 49, No. 3, Jul. 21, 1986, pp. 146-148, R. B. Scharz, "Formation of Amorphous Alloys by the Mechanical Alloying of Crystalline Powders of Pure Metals and Powders of Intermetallics".
Symposium, Multicomponent Ultrafine Microstructures, Nov. 30-Dec. 1, 1988, 6 pages, E. Hellstern, et al., "Mechanism of Achieving Nanocrystalline A1Ru by Ball Milling".
D. E. Brown, "The Development of Low Overvoltage Cathodes", pp. 233-245.
Physica B., vol. 153, pp. 93-135, 1988, A. W. Weeber, et al., "Amorphization by Ball Milling. A Review".

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