Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1980-11-13
1982-09-14
Wong, Jr., Harry
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
5263285, C08F 200, C08F22010
Patent
active
043496490
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of preparing reactive rubbers, and more particularly to a process of preparing copolymers of butyl acrylate and 1-(.alpha.-alkyl acrylate)-1-tert-butyl peroxy ethanes.
The proposed compounds can find application in producing weather-resistant and impact-resistant styrene copolymers by means of emulsion polymerization and ridged styrene graft-copolymers. Furthermore, copolymers of butyl acrylate and 1-(.alpha.-alkyl acrylate)1-tert-butyl peroxy ethanes can be used in the production of oil- or ozone-resistant rubbers, in which process rubber vulcanization might be accomplished with no vulcanizing agent being introduced into the rubber mixture.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Known in the art is a process for preparing reactive alkyl acrylate rubbers by means of emulsion copolymerization of alkyl acrylates, butyl acrylate in particular, with bifunctional acryl monomers, such as .beta.-chloroethyl- or glycidylmethacrylate (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 254,770 published in Bulletin "Otkrytia, izobretenia, promyshlennye obraztsy i tovarnye znaki," No. 32, 1969, p. 81). Copolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and .beta.-chloroethyl methacrylate is carried out in emulsion at the ratio of the aqueous phase to hydrocarbon phase of 2.1 and 4.1, in the presence of alkyl sulfonate as an emulsifier, and the oxidation-reduction system comprising isopropyl benzene hydroperoxide-rongalite-ferric trilon complex, at a temperature of 30.degree. to 70.degree. C. The monomer conversion mounts up to 95-98% in 2.0-2.5 hours.
The rubbers produced therewith prove to be non-crosslinked ones and thus are completely soluble in organic solvents and monomers. The copolymers resulting from graft-copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile with non-crosslinked rubbers, exhibit inadequately high physical-and-mechanical properties, and the resulting reactive rubbers require further treatment for the purpose of their crosslinking.
Also known in the art is a process of crosslinking alkyl acrylate rubbers during their synthesis by using di-or trivinyl monomers, e.g. unsaturated symmetrical triazine compounds of the general formula ##STR1## (cf. Japanese Pat. No. 51-8154).
According to this process, butyl acrylate, 99 parts by weight, and unsaturated symmetrical triazine compound ##STR2## 1 part by weight, are added to the aqueous solution containing potassium persulfate (K.sub.2 S.sub.2 O.sub.8), 0.5 part by weight, sodium oleinate, 2 parts by weight, and sodium sulfite Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3, 0.05 parts by weight, in water, 200 parts by weight, and then polymerized in a stream of nitrogen for 3 hours at a temperature of 60.degree. C. and further 3 hours at a temperature of 70.degree. C. to achieve 95% conversion. The polymer thus produced is precipitated with sodium chloride and dried. The resulting rubber mixture, 100 parts by weight, is then subjected to vulcanization with benzoyl peroxide, 2 parts by weight, and zinc oxide, 5 parts by weight, for 2 hours at a temperature of 120.degree. C. The benzene uptake by the vulcanizate accounted for 230%.
The resulting rubbers are non-reactive ones, which only poorly take part in the graft-reaction, and thus their use in the production of impact-resistant copolymers is irrational.
Also known in the art is a process of preparing reactive, partly crosslinked alkyl acrylate rubbers by means of emulsion copolymerization of alkyl acrylates with an unsaturated peroxide compound, namely 1-(.alpha.-alkyl acrylate)-1-tert-butyl peroxy ethane in the presence of initiating system consisting of a potassium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite, charging of the polymerizable mixture components being accomplished portion-wise and 1-methacrylate-1-tert-butyl peroxy ethane being introduced into the reaction mixture under conditions of 90 to 100% conversion of butyl acrylate of its total charge.
The process of emulsion copolymerization of the initial monomers is carried out at a temperature of 20.degree. C., pH-value of the reaction mixture be
REFERENCES:
patent: 4130705 (1978-12-01), Sevcik
Ivanchev Sergei S.
Pavljuchenko Valery N.
Pessina Zinaida M.
Vasilieva Elena D.
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