Chemistry: fertilizers – Processes and products – Bacterial
Patent
1990-06-25
1992-06-02
Lander, Ferris
Chemistry: fertilizers
Processes and products
Bacterial
71 9, 71 21, C05F 300
Patent
active
051183366
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention has for its object a process for valorizing liquid pig manure and a device for carrying it out.
The process according to the invention allows, from said liquid pig manure, the elaboration of biological improvements, usable in agriculture.
Liquid pig manure is, per se, a very rich fertilizer.
However, its use, crude--application as such or after atomization--is not without danger for the earth and groundwater tables.
In fact, liquid pig manures contain, on the one hand, pathogenic bacteria and, on the other hand, polluting substances such as nitrites, nitrates, copper . . . In addition, they disengage a most unpleasant odour.
According to the invention, a process is proposed which makes it possible, on the one hand, to neutralize the detrimental effects of the liquid manure set forth hereinabove, and, on the other hand, to valorize it by transforming it into a compost able to be used like any organic compost.
Such transformation may be carried out, according to the invention, in a surprizingly short time.
Such results are obtained by the fermentation of a biomass based on a mixture of liquid pig manure and a carbon-containing support under particular conditions.
The process according to the invention employs for the fermentation a specific bacterial selection. It is advantageously carried out to ensure optimal working conditions for the bacteria of this selection.
According to the invention, the biomass--liquid manure+carbon-containing support--is seeded by a bacterial selection including Serratia and Flebsiella.
These bacteria belong to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, they are 100% Gram.sup.-.
They were chosen for their intrinsic properties, but have proved--combined--of surprizingly high-performance, both at the level of the course of the process of the invention, and at the level of the use of the product obtained by this process.
It is question of reversible bacteria, capable of working both in an aerobic medium and in an anaerobic medium. They attack the organic matter and are in particular capable of reducing the nitrates into gaseous nitrogen.
In addition, they present a thermal resistance which allows them to be used towards 70.degree. C.
The biomass, treated in accordance with the process of the invention, must be subjected to such temperatures (up to 72.degree. C.) in order, on the one hand, to remove the pathogenic bacteria from the liquid manure and, on the other hand, to start the process of humification of at least a part of the carbon-containing support.
According to the invention, this pair of bacteria has therefore been selected.
They are available on the market. They may act, in accordance with variants of the invention, in combination with others, but prove to be of sufficiently high performance by themselves.
They advantageously act in equal quantities.
The biomass to be seeded, according to the process of the invention, is, as specified hereinabove, based on a mixture of liquid pig manure and a carbon-containing support.
The manure is a liquid, disengaging a sickening smell and generally comprising from 12 to 15% of dry matter.
According to a preferred variant of the process of the invention, it is placed in suspension before being mixed with the carbon-containing support. A colloidal is employed for flocculation thereof.
This colloidal or flocculant ensures suspension of the solid particles and imprisons, traps, retains the odour.
It may be selected for example from among the alginates, carboxymethylcellulose, beer yeast, rice starch, Indian corn starch, . . .
A natural colloidal will advantageously be chosen, which will constitute a reserve of nourishment for the bacteria, upon use thereof (awakening) in the soils.
Burst Indian corn starch is preferred since it is question of a natural colloidal, relatively inexpensive and which acts at ambient temperature.
The use of non-burst corn starch would involve heating the liquid manure towards 40.degree.-45.degree. C.
The liquid manure, advantageously flocculated --which is then in the form of a slimy liquid whose odo
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patent: 2750269 (1956-06-01), Klein
patent: 3905796 (1975-09-01), Ghelfi
patent: 4088796 (1978-05-01), Persson
patent: 4198211 (1980-04-01), Shattock
patent: 4565552 (1986-01-01), Cotton
Chemical Abstracts 99:50098c, pub. Aug. 1983.
Chemical Abstracts 90:91855e, pub. 1978.
Chemical Abstracts 83:26880a, pub. Feb. 1975.
American type culture collection, "Catalogue of Strains", 15th Edition, 1982.
Ecolise
Lander Ferris
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