Solid material comminution or disintegration – Processes – Cereal and other seeds or seed parts
Patent
1994-05-13
1996-05-14
Eley, Timothy V.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Processes
Cereal and other seeds or seed parts
241 12, B02C 2308, B02C 2320
Patent
active
055160484
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for peeling shower-washed whole-wheat cereals by means of diametral collision turbulence friction on an optimum separation line by localization of a predetermined quantity of moisture in a morphologically determined separation area between longitudinal and transverse cell layers. The process is carried out with the highest efficiency possible in reducing environmentally harmful substances, toxic agents, and problem bacteria by optimizing completely uniform surface removal and grain crease opening and cleaning with diametral collision turbulence friction of individual grains, exhaust air discharge of the peeled grain coatings, and centrifugal force conveyance of the grains. This prepares the cereals for energy saving grain grinding with a larger surface of the milling product for faster and higher absorption of water, good expansion, for a larger volume of dough and baked product, and for an improved gelatinization and efficiency of starch decomposition. From a physiological or food consumption point of view, the process achieves kinetic shortening of the endosperm cell compounds for efficiency in guiding sour dough and for a pure taste of the grain, and bread and pastry produced from the grain, with good digestibility due to hygiene and uncharged microflora of highly technological refinement with diametral collision turbulence friction.
The invention also relates to a process for intensive cleaning of grains, granulates, pulses, nuts, seeds and other grains with diametral collision turbulence friction. Preferably the invention involves peeling of shower-washed whole-wheat cereals for a quantitative completion of a technical process in substantial and material grain tissues and grain components due to a less intensive mechanical stress and damage of the grains by a peeling process and a realization of an optimum separation line by localization of the penetration depth of the water to the morphologically predetermined separation area between longitudinal and transverse cell layers. This is done by elimination of surface constraint and centering of the water in a shower wash penetrating uniformly fast over the whole hygroscopic surface of the grain. Unabsorbed moisture is centrifuged to avoid allowing it to concentrate in the crease, capillaries and deeper coating tissue with deposited dirt particles. Instead of transcontamination, the reduction of problem bacteria, environmentally harmful substances and toxic agents is achieved, and the food-physiological hygienic efficiency of the grain components is prioritized.
The diametral collision turbulence friction is realized at a high differential speed of 20-50 m/sec between two working profile disks. This achieves a lasting shortening and loosening of the genetic cell compounds of the grain endosperm for a larger product surface of the milled grains. The results are improved water absorption, swelling, elasticity, volume increase and efficiency in the microflora for the technological decomposition of the grain components in the sour dough, and for a pure taste and digestibility from a physiological or food consumption point of view, which is clearly perceptible in the milling product and in the baked product.
In order to achieve a uniform grain surface removal on the predetermined separation line between the longitudinal cell tissue layer to be removed and the transverse cell tissue layer to remain on the grain, grains prepared according to the invention are collided immediately and repeatedly in collision turbulence friction, thereby emptying the grain crease, opening it further and emptying it again. This also takes place after the coating of each grain has become more elastic and larger due to the diametral collision friction in the collision turbulence and at the working surfaces, whereby the coating separates from the grain, falls down and is aspirated with suction air already in a space between the working surfaces arranged diametrally to each other, rerouted horizontally into the aspiration ring shaft and aspirated axial
REFERENCES:
patent: Re17829 (1930-10-01), Dienst
patent: 1279308 (1918-09-01), Emenegger et al.
patent: 1503423 (1924-07-01), Little
patent: 1740892 (1929-12-01), Gillespie
patent: 2115639 (1938-04-01), Leach
patent: 4196224 (1980-04-01), Falk
Eley Timothy V.
Steinmetz-Patent-Mullerei GmbH & Co. KG
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