Coating processes – With post-treatment of coating or coating material – Heating or drying
Patent
1994-10-21
1996-07-09
Dudash, Diana
Coating processes
With post-treatment of coating or coating material
Heating or drying
427121, 427392, B05D 302, B05D 702
Patent
active
055343040
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for treating a substrate, namely a fibre or a fibrous product, which is not an aramid fibre, with a superabsorbent material, by applying to the surface of the substrate a layer of a water-in-oil emulsion which contains a superabsorbent material in its aqueous phase, and subsequently wholly or partially removing the liquid constituents of the emulsion from the substrate.
Such a process is known.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,798,744 discloses a method of making superabsorbent fibrous porous support by impregnation of a porous support with a reverse suspension or emulsion. Said reverse suspension or emulsion results from the polymerization reaction and the removal of solvent from the support. The porous support can be a non-woven material, paper, fibre pile or a foam, of which the porosity is preferably greater than 0.5. Cellulose fibres are mentioned. The fibres treated are meant to comprise as much absorbent material as possible, so that the absorbent capacity is as large as possible. The superabsorbent material consists of a mixture of polyacrylic acid and an alkali acrylate, and a surfactant having an HLB value of 8-12.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,888,238 discloses a method of making superabsorbent synthetic fibres of which the surface is coated with a layer of superabsorbent polymer. As synthetic fibres suitable to be used are mentioned fibres of polyester, polyolefin, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, rayon, cellulose acetate, dacron, and nylon, as well as bicomponent fibres. The fibres to be treated are added to an aqueous solution of an anionic polyelectrolyte, a polyvalent metal salt, and an ammonium compound as neutralising agent. Next, the thus impregnated fibres are dried in a stream of air, the neutralising agent evaporating and the polyelectrolyte complexing on the fibre surface. The thus formed complex decomposes at a pH of higher than 7. The method can only be used on short fibres.
EP Patent Application 0 314 371 discloses a non-woven of continuous polyester fibres treated with a superabsorbent material. The nonwoven's treatment consists in its being impregnated with a mixture of the superabsorbent material and water. The superabsorbent material is polyacrylic acid or polyacrylamide or salts thereof. Also, mixtures or copolymers of said compounds may be employed.
According to EP Patent Application 0 351 100, Kevlar.RTM., a commercially available aramid yarn, is impregnated with a superabsorbent material. After being impregnated the treated yarn is dried, so that a film is formed in and around the yarn's interstices. In one embodiment of this method, of treatment the yarn is impregnated with a superabsorbent material derived from an aqueous solution comprising an acrylate polymeric material which combines acrylic acid and sodium acrylate functionalities and water.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,366,206 discloses water-swellable fibres consisting of a sheath of hydrophilic cross-linked polymer and a core of an acrylonitrile polymer and/or another polymer. This product is made by subjecting fibres with a surface composed of polyacrylonitrile to such a treatment with a solution of an alkali hydroxide in water as will give a fibre with a cross-linked hydrophilic outer layer.
Wire Industry, October 1989, pp. 629-635, discloses the use in cables of swellable yarns and non-woven tapes composed of two or more layers of a synthetic fibres structure with a swellable powder embedded therein. The backing layer is composed of a thermally bonded non-woven of polyethylene terephthalate. The cover layer may contain a proportion of cellulose fibres.
EP Patent Application 0 314 991 discloses communications cables provided with a water blocking tape consisting of a non-woven of polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, glass or polypropylene impregnated with a mixture of a superabsorbent material and water. The superabsorbent material is polyacrylic acid or polyacrylamide or salts thereof. Also, mixtures of copolymers of said materials may be employed.
EP Patent Application 0 216 000 describes an optical fibre cable provided wit
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Geursen Herman J.
Willemsen Stephanus
Akzo Nobel nv
Dudash Diana
Morris Louis A.
Noto Joseph M.
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