Process for the synthesis of isocyanates and of isocyanate deriv

Details Process for the synthesis of isocyanates and of isocyanate deriv Process for the synthesis of isocyanates and of isocyanate deriv

1987-08-25

1988-06-07

Shippen, Michael L.

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Carboxylic acid esters

560 28, 560 32, 560115, 560157, 560162, 560163, 564 47, 564 48, 564 56, 564 57, 564 61, C07C125063, C07C12715

Patent

active

047498064

ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of isocyanates and of isocyanate derivatives. Isocyanates are obtained by reacting an organic halide with a metal cyanate in an organic medium in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a complex of nickel with at least one organic ligand, in which complex the nickel is in the zero oxidation state.
A carbamate or a urea, respectively, are obtained by a subsequent reaction with a hydroxy compound or a primary or secondary amine.
Isocyanates and their derivatives are used especially either as refined synthesis agents for the production of pesticides and medications, or as monomers or comonomers for the preparation of many macromolecular compounds.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3558684 (1971-01-01), von Brachel et al.
patent: 3914311 (1975-10-01), Coulson
patent: 4130577 (1978-12-01), Nagato et al.
C. K. Ingold, Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry (2d Ed.), Cornell University Press, 1969, 558-61.
Shoichiro Ozaki, "Recent Advances in Isocyanate Chemistry", Chemical Review, vol. 72, No. 5, Oct. 1972, 457-96.
Alan G. MacDjiarmid, Inorganic Synthesis, vol. XVII, 1977, 120-22.
"Allgemeines," Dr. Kurt Findeissen et al, Houben-Wyel, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, vol. E4, 1984, 738-84.
"Spezielle Organl-bzw. Heterofunktionell subst.-Isocyanate," Dr. Joachim Ippen, Houeben-Wyel, Method der Organischen Chemie, vol. E4, 1984, 784-802.
Kentaro Takagi et al, "The in Situ-Generated Nickel(O)-Catalyzed Reaction of Aryl Halides with Potassium Iodide and Zinc Powder, Bull. Chem. Soc. of Japan 53,3691-95 (1980).

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