Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Method of operation
Patent
1998-10-21
2000-11-14
Look, Edward K.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Method of operation
415 30, 415 37, 415151, F01D 1900
Patent
active
061460885
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method of driving a turbine in rotation and to a corresponding turbine device.
Turbines have been known for a long time, and they are essentially constituted by a blade-carrying hub that is caused to rotate by a fluid (gas, liquid) passing therethrough.
In known manner, using a fluid to drive a turbine enables the energy of the fluid to be transferred to the rotary shaft of the turbine. For example, rotation of the shaft can be used to drive an alternator to produce electricity, or to drive various tools (drill, saw, . . . ).
At present, the problems with known devices lie in the high flow speeds that are required for obtaining the highest possible powers. Unfortunately, such high flow speeds lead to high levels of disturbance; for example, when the fluid is a gas, the following are created: the device.
The consequences of such disturbances include the following: accurate and optimized (which implies an operating range that is limited or even very limited); induced by the vibratory phenomena that accompany such disturbances; and
Another limit on the use of prior turbine devices lies in the high or very high speeds of rotation of such devices.
By using the tapered throat or Venturi effect, it is possible to entrain a secondary fluid by injecting a primary fluid through a nozzle. Numerous devices implement this effect, and in particular: difference between the upstream and downstream ends of the system; the device described in French patent FR 522 163 thus takes a fraction of the energy of a gas flow which is characterized mainly in terms of its speed to drive a turbine to compress the fuel and oxidizer that are required to enable the system to operate; which the temperature of the hot source is too high to be used directly, and which are designed to perform a cooling effect by dilution; and known as MAM systems; such systems enable powers to be obtained that are comparable to those obtained with conventional turbines, but with speeds of turbine rotation and of fluid flow that are compatible with flows having little disturbance.
An object of the present invention is to mitigate the above drawbacks, and in particular to provide a turbine whose nominal operating point is not associated with a transonic flow speed either overall or in local portions of said flow.
It is recalled that an operating point is characterized by a pair of values (speed of rotation, power) or (speed of rotation, torque). In the present description, the term "nominal operating point" is used to designate an operating point corresponding to a power maximum.
One of the objects of the invention is to obtain results that are comparable with MAM systems while eliminating said non-uniformities from the upstream flow of the turbine.
To this end, the present invention provides a method of driving a turbine in rotation, said turbine being connected to a upstream fluid feed channel and to a downstream ejection channel, said method being characterized in that it consists in: converging from upstream to downstream, and said primary fluid having in the downstream portion of said upstream channel a pressure Pp which is lower than the pressure Pa of the external ambient medium, and a speed Vp compatible with a flow having little disturbance, and a mass flow rate Dp; blades of said turbine; secondary fluid, on injection, presenting a determined pressure Ps greater than the pressure Pa, a determined speed Vs greater than Vp, and a determined mass flow rate Ds; channel; and which is close to the pressure Pa of the ambient medium.
A variant of said method consists in driving a turbine in rotation, said turbine being connected to an upstream fluid feed channel and to a downstream ejection channel, said variant of said method being characterized in that consists in: upstream to downstream, and said fluid having in the downstream portion of said upstream channel a pressure Pp which is lower than the pressure Pa of the external ambient medium, and a speed Vp compatible with a flow having little disturbance, and a mass flow ra
REFERENCES:
patent: 2235763 (1941-03-01), Horton
patent: 2975517 (1961-03-01), Britain
patent: 4372113 (1983-02-01), Ramer
patent: 5141391 (1992-08-01), Acton et al.
patent: 5553995 (1996-09-01), Martinez
patent: 5813828 (1998-09-01), Norris
Look Edward K.
Nguyen Ninh
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