Process for the purification of waste water

Details Process for the purification of waste water Process for the purification of waste water

1992-11-20

1995-04-18

Wyse, Thomas

Liquid purification or separation

Processes

Treatment by living organism

210611, 210631, 210673, 210688, 210691, 210770, 210908, 210912, C02F 128, C02F 300

Patent

active

054075769

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process and an installation for removing organic impurities and heavy metals from industrial, commercial and communal waste water, loaded drinking water, rubbish dump leakage water or aqueous special wastes.
For ecological and economic reasons the general environmental situation requires the availability of cheap filter materials for the purification of loaded waste water, rubbish dump leakage water or aqueous special wastes.
The high-grade activated carbon previously used for filtering purposes is firstly very expensive as a filter medium, and secondly can only be regenerated under certain conditions, as organic contaminants are adsorbently bonded and therefore can not be desorbed or can be only partially desorbed. Moreover as a result of mechanical stresses in particular during desorption, which is performed, for example, for the regeneration of the expensive activated carbon for reasons of cost, the activated carbon filter fillings become loosened and destroyed in the pore structure, as a result of which they partly lose their defined absorption, adsorption and chemisorption action. At the same time contaminants may be released, and for this reason they require sanitation, which is normally thermal, after their saturation.
Because of the global overloading of the atmosphere with tracer gases, on the one hand a reduction in the thermal conversion processes of solid carbon compounds becomes imperative, and on the other hand in the field of waste disposal mineralised residual substances are to be ultimately disposed of to minimise the contamination of the ground water and the soil, which in turn requires preliminary thermal conversion processes to be performed.
From German Offenlegungsschrift 33 47 554, German Offenlegungsschrift 35 29 445 and German Offenlegungsschrift 37 27 004 is already known a process for the extraction of usable gas from refuse by pyrolysis, during which accordingly pulverised refuse is introduced into a degasification or low-temperature carbonization drum. While the gas produced is removed via a low-temperature carbonization gas outlet, the pyrolysis residue is discharged via a water bath.
From German Offenlegungsschrift 37 27 004 and German Offenlegungsschrift 35 29 445 is also known the fundamental possibility of using this pyrolysis residue, which has a structure similar to activated carbon, apart from its use for gas purification, also for the absorbtion of the wash water in pyrolysis gas purification and also as a carrier substance for anaerobic microorganisms in biogas installations, in which the size of the reactive pore surface depends on the nonorganic carbon content, and also on the treatment of the pyrolysis residue to be discharged, e.g. in the water bath or by treatment with oxidising acids.
Finally from the cited patent specifications, by using the pozzuolana effect of certain constituents of the pyrolysis residue, which can subsequently be admixed with the pyrolysis residue, as long as they are not present in the material for degasification introduced into the drum, and also by the admixture of defined quantities of calcic and siliceous compounds, is also known the fundamental possiblity of producing dimensionally stable structures similar to egg-shaped briquettes, which can be calcined (mineralised) in d.c. shaft furnaces to form inert substances similar to sand, which can no longer be eluted, during which no vitrification or localised encapsulation of the heavy metals occurs, but these are incorporated in the mineral structure of the complex silicates.
The object of the present invention is to create a process and an installation with economically justifiable expenditure, by which waste water, loaded drinking water, rubbish dump leakage water or aqueous special wastes can be purified, and to make the pyrolysis residue available for another application.
This object is achieved as specified by the invention by the use of the pyrolysis residue in accordance with the type defined in claim 1 for removing organic impurities and heavy metals from

REFERENCES:
patent: 3640820 (1972-02-01), Kemmer et al.
patent: 4179263 (1979-12-01), Tung et al.
patent: 4407717 (1983-10-01), Teletzke
patent: 4935038 (1990-06-01), Wolf
patent: 5082563 (1992-01-01), Webb et al.
patent: 5139682 (1992-08-01), McCarty et al.
patent: 5302287 (1994-04-01), Losack

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