Compositions – Fluent dielectric – N-containing
Patent
1993-02-03
1995-03-14
Skaling, Linda
Compositions
Fluent dielectric
N-containing
252550, 252551, 25217421, 25217425, 25217417, C11D 120, C11D 1722
Patent
active
053975073
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a process for converting water-containing preparations of washing- and cleaning-active surfactant compounds into storable surfactant granules and into storable detergents in granular form.
Considerable and, at the same time, greatly increasing interest is being shown in the use of oleochemical surfactant compounds in detergents and cleaning products. The primary considerations in this regard are based on the one hand on the fact that surfactant compounds of this type can be obtained from renewable vegetable and/or animal raw materials, although on the other hand it is above all the high ecological compatibility of selected components of this type to which crucial significance is attributed. An example of one such class of oleochemical surfactant compounds are the known fatty alcohol sulfates which are prepared by sulfatization of fatty alcohols of vegetable and/or animal origin containing predominantly 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol molecule and subsequent neutralization to water-soluble salts, more particularly the corresponding alkali metal salts. Of particular practical significance in this regard are the sodium salts of fatty alcohol sulfates which are based on at least predominantly linear fatty alcohols or corresponding fatty alcohol mixtures containing approximately 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol molecule. Tallow alcohol sulfates (TAS) containing predominantly saturated C.sub.16-18 residues in the fatty alcohol are already of considerable interest for the production of laundry detergents, more particularly in solid form, although significant detergent properties may also be attributed to fatty alcohol sulfates (FAS) which cover a broader range in regard to the length of their carbon chains. Thus, C.sub.12-18 fatty alcohol sulfates having a high percentage content of the lower fatty alcohols of this range, for example based on coconut oil or palm kernel oil, represent particularly important anionic surfactants for use in detergents and cleaning products. There are numerous references to this effect in the relevant specialist literature, cf. H. Baumann "Neuere Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet fettchemischer Tenside", Fat Sci. Technol., 92 (1990) 49/50 and the literature cited therein. European patent application 342 917 also describes detergents in which the anionic surfactants consist predominantly of C.sub.12-18 alkyl sulfates.
The economic synthesis of light-colored anionic surfactants based on FAS is now established state of the art. The corresponding surfactant salts accumulate in the form of water-containing preparations in which the water contents may vary from approximately 20 to 80% and, more particularly, from approximately 35 to 60%. Products of this type have a paste-like to cuttable consistency at room temperature, the flowability and pumpability of the pastes being limited or even completely lost for active substance contents of only about 35% by weight, so that the subsequent processing of the pastes, particularly their incorporation in solids mixtures, for example in solid detergents and cleaning products, involves considerable problems. It is possible to obtain free-flowing FAS powders by conventional drying processes, particularly in spray drying towers. However, there are serious limitations in this regard which, in particular, jeopardize the economy of using FAS surfactants on an industrial scale. Tower-dried TAS powder, for example, shows a very low apparent density, so that there are unprofitable aspects to the packaging and marketing of this detergent raw material. However, even in the production of spray-dried powder, safety considerations can necessitate such restrictive operation of the spray drying tower that practical difficulties arise. Thus, safety-based investigations of tower-dried powder based on TAS or FAS having active substance contents of 20% or higher show that the spray drying of formulations of this type is only possible to a very limited extent and, for example, requires tower entry temp
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Bauer Volker
Kischkel Ditmar
Raehse Wilfried
Syldath Andreas
Drach John E.
Fries K.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
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