Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Patent
1996-07-15
1998-07-21
Green, Anthony
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
510125, 510499, 510504, 510515, 424 7028, 554 85, 554109, 554110, 554114, 558 27, 564281, 564285, 564292, 564294, 564296, A61K 7075, Z07C21902, C07C20900
Patent
active
057835349
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to solid esterquats which are obtained by quaternizing fatty acid triethanolamine esters in the presence of selected dispersants and to the use of the esterquats mentioned for the production of surface-active formulations.
Statement of Related Art
2. Prior Art
Various compounds or mixtures of compounds are used for the treatment of textile fibers, yarns or fabrics. They provide the textiles thus treated with the required properties or are constituents of fabric care formulations. The processing properties of the textiles, their wear properties and also their care can be improved according to the type of active substances used.
Products essentially containing quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with alkanolamines, so-called "esterquats", have acquired significance in recent years in the field of textile treatment compositions. U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,867, U.S. Pat. No. 4,370,272, EP 0 239 910 A2, EP 0 293 955 A2, EP 0 295 739 A2 and EP 0 309 052 A2 are cited as representative of the extensive literature available on this subject.
Esterquats are not only distinguished by excellent softening and antistatic properties, they also show surprisingly high biological degradability for cationic surfactants. Unfortunately, the disadvantage of esterquats is that they are normally marketed in the form of aqueous dispersions which do not always show satisfactory stability in storage. Thus, they are often observed to undergo unfavorable changes in viscosity, phase separation or sedimentation. Another disadvantage of esterquats is that they are normally formulated as alcohol-based concentrates which have to be diluted with water to the in-use concentration. In this respect, too, there is a need for products which are free from solvents.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide a process for the solventless production of solid esterquats which would form stable aqueous dispersions of consistently favorable viscosity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for the production of solid esterquats, in which fatty acid triethanolamine esters corresponding to formula (I): ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 CO is a saturated and/or unsaturated acyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another represent hydrogen or have the same meaning as R.sup.1 CO and n, m and p together stand for O or for numbers of 1 to 10,
It has surprisingly been found that the quaternization of fatty acid triethanolamine esters can also be carried out in the presence of the dispersants mentioned. Solvent-free, more especially alcohol-free, solid esterquats are obtained in this way and form dispersions that are stable in two respects: on the one hand, neither phase separation nor sedimentation occurs, even in the event of prolonged storage; on the other hand, the dispersions have a constant viscosity. The invention includes the observation that the subsequent addition of the dispersants mentioned to conventionally prepared esterquats only improves dispersibility very slightly, if at all.
Esterquats are a known group of cationic surfactants which are normally obtained by esterification of triethanolamine or triethanolamine polyglycol ethers with fatty acids and subsequent quaternization in organic solvents. The production and properties of esterquats are described, for example, in WO 91/01295 (Henkel) and in the synoptic articles by O. Ponsati in C.R. CED-Congress, Barcelona, 167 (1992) and by R. Puchta in C.R. CED-Congress, Sitges, 59 (1993).
Suitable starting materials for the production of the esterquats by the process according to the invention are fatty acid triethanolamine esters corresponding to formula (I) which preferably represent technical monoester/diester/triester mixtures in which the degree of esterification is between 1.2 and 2.5 and more particularly between 1.5 and 1.9. Particularly preferred esters are derived from technical C.sub.12/18 or C.sub.16/18 fatty
REFERENCES:
patent: 3915867 (1975-10-01), Kang et al.
patent: 4370272 (1983-01-01), Wechsler et al.
patent: 5443631 (1995-08-01), Brock et al.
patent: 5463094 (1995-10-01), Brown et al.
patent: 5482636 (1996-01-01), Brock et al.
O. Ponsati, C.R. CED-Congress, Barcelona, 167 (1992), pp. 167-179.
R. Puchta, C.R. CED-Congress, Sitges, 59 (1993) pp. 59-68.
Bigorra Llosas Joaquim
Brau Balague Emili
Pi Rafael
Reichert Yvonne
Soler Codina Antoni
Green Anthony
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
Szoke Ernest G.
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