Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1993-01-26
1994-12-06
Bleutge, John C.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
523417, 523420, 528405, C08L 6300, C08K 320
Patent
active
053711190
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a process for the production of polyether polyamines.
Polyether polyamines are known compounds which are used, for example, as hair treatment agents or--according to DE 16 19 082 and DE 22 46 434 --as textile auxiliaries. Polyether polyamines are normally prepared in two stages. To this end, a polyol is reacted with epichlorohydrin in the presence of a catalyst and the bis-chlorohydrin ether obtained is then converted into the corresponding polyether polyamine by reaction with amine compounds in the presence of solvents and an alkali metal hydroxide.
The polyether polyamines produced by this method contain decomposition products of the catalyst, which can cause clouding or crystalline deposits in the polyether polyamine, and the toxicologically and ecologically unsafe compounds dioxane and epichlorohydrin.
The problem addressed by the present invention was to produce polyether polyamines which would not contain any catalyst decomposition products and which would be free from dioxane and epichlorohydrin.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a process for the production of polyether polyamines by reaction of a polyol with an epihalohydrin in the presence of a catalyst and subsequent reaction with ammonia and/or aliphatic mono-, di- and/or polyamines, characterized in that, after the reaction with epihalohydrin and before the reaction with ammonia and/or amines, an at least equimolar quantity, based on the quantity of catalyst used, of an alkali metal hydroxide in the form of an aqueous solution is added to the reaction mixture, the volatile constituents are then removed from the reaction mixture by distillation at a temperature below 150.degree. C. and under a pressure below 1.33.times.10.sup.4 Pa and the reaction mixture is subsequently filtered at 80.degree. to 100.degree. C.
The removal of volatile constituents by distillation is preferably carried out at temperatures of 110.degree. to 130.degree. C. and under a pressure below 0.67.times.10.sup.4 Pa. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the distillation is carried out in the presence of water. To this end, 0.2 to 10% by weight and preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight water, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, is added to the reaction mixture during distillation.
It can also be of advantage to add monoamines to the reaction mixture after the alkali metal hydroxide.
The reaction of a polyol with an epihalohydrin, preferably epichlorohydrin, is carried out in known manner at temperatures of 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. and preferably at temperatures of 65.degree. to 75.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst, for example boron trifluoride diacetic acid BF.sub.3 [O(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 ].sub.2, aluminium trichloride or tin tetrachloride. Epichlorohydrin is used in quantities of preferably 0.9 to 1.3 mol, based on an OH function. Suitable polyols are, in particular, polyethylene glycols having average molecular weights of 200 to 2000 either on their own or in combination with polypropylene glycols having average molecular weights of 400 to 1000.
After the removal of volatile constituents by distillation and after the removal of decomposition products of the catalyst used, for example Na.sub.3 BO.sub.3 or Na.sub.2 [Sn(OH).sub.6 ], by filtration, the bischlorohydrin ethers obtained are reacted with ammonia and/or amine compounds in known manner at temperatures of 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. and preferably at temperatures of 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. in the presence of alkaline catalysts, for example alkali metal hydroxides, to form polyether polyamines. The reaction is terminated by addition of acids, for example acetic acid, lactic acid and/or hydrochloric acid. Examples of suitable aliphatic mono-, di- and/or polyamines are dodecyl amine, 2-ethylhexyl amine, coconut oil amine, tallow amine, stearyl amine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, dihexaethylenetriamine, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl diaminoethane, piperazine, polyethylene imines having average molecular
REFERENCES:
patent: 4178434 (1979-12-01), Langdon
patent: 5162547 (1992-11-01), Roth et al.
Bohlander Ralf
Ploog Uwe
Uphues Guenter
Aylward D.
Bleutge John C.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
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