Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
Patent
1995-11-17
1996-10-15
Johnson, Rachel
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
528 745, 528 81, 528 85, 5282955, 528301, C08G 1848
Patent
active
055655424
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present application was filed under the provision of 35 U.S.C. 371(C) as the U.S. National Phase of PCT applicaton PCT/EP94/01482 filed May 9, 1994.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a process for the production of polyaddition or polycondensation products in which selected glycerol alkoxylates are polymerized with polyfunctional isocyanates or polybasic carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid esters, optionally via the intermediate stage of transesterification polyols, and to the use of the alkoxylates mentioned for the production of polymers.
2. Prior Art
In an era which is characterized by a growing demand for consumer goods and high-quality products, considerable importance is attributed to the development of new plastics with higher performance levels. However, the improvement of existing types is equally important, particularly in regard to such aspects as the saving of energy during production, the replacement of problematical working materials and a renewable raw material base.
An important building block in the production of plastics is trimethylol propane (TMP) which can be reacted, for example, with polycarboxylic acids to form polyesters or alkyd resins. These compounds may optionally be further crosslinked with isocyanates (in the case of polyester polyols), with air under the effect of light (in the case of unsaturated alkyd resins), by radical initiators or by application of heat. Although TMP has long been known and used in large quantities in polymer technology, its use is still attended by a number of disadvantages: transported in heated tankers and through heated pipelines. Accordingly, the use of this material involves considerable problems and the consumption of energy. butyraldehyde, two exclusively petrochemical and, hence, non-renewable raw materials. for numerous applications.
There has been no shortage of attempts in the past replace TMP by other related polyol components. Thus, attempts have been made to replace TMP by glycerol which is liquid and native and should be an ideal substitute. However, it was found that the polymers produced from glycerol show relatively poor resistance to heat, light, moisture and alkalis. In addition, glycerol is highly hygroscopic. Moreover, where glycerol is used as polyol component, acrolein is in danger of being formed as an unwanted secondary product in the presence of acidic catalysts while polyglycerols are in danger of being formed as unwanted secondary products in the presence of basic catalysts [cf. Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2, 60 (1992)].
Although liquid polyol components, such as glycerol and TMP propoxylates, for example glycerol.3PO (Voranol.RTM. CP, Dow) or TMP.5PO (Desmophen.RTM. 550, Bayer) are commercially available, they are unsuitable as replacements for TMP because they have a far lower hydroxyl value than TMP. Accordingly, the polymers produced from such liquid polyol components differ in their properties from TMP-based products. Another disadvantage is that the glycerol or TMP propoxylates mentioned react off far more slowly that TMP itself. The use of relatively high molecular weight alkylene oxide adducts with polyhydric alcohols for the production of polymers is described, for example, in DE-A1 32 46 616 (Henkel).
Accordingly, the complex problem addressed by the present invention was to provide new polyol components as replacements for TMP in polyaddition and polycondensation products which would be liquid and less hygroscopic than TMP, would have a favorable ecobalance, would react off quickly and would be sufficiently compatible with a number of reactants. In addition, the resulting polymers would be at least comparable in their properties with those based on TMP.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyaddition and polycondensation products, in which addition products of, on average, 0.5 to 2 moles of ethylene and/or propylene oxide with glycerol are polymerized with polyfunctional isocyanates or polybasic carboxylic acids
REFERENCES:
patent: 2990376 (1961-06-01), Bressier et al.
patent: 4517334 (1985-05-01), Wilk et al.
Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol. 2, p. 60 (1992).
W. Keim, A. Behr, G. Schmidt, "Grundlagen der Industriellen Chemie", Verlag Salle + Sauerlaender, Frankfurt. a.m., 1986, pp. 381-396.
Daute Peter
Grutzmacher Roland
Klein Johann
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Johnson Rachel
Szoke Ernest G.
Wood John Daniel
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