Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Process involving micro-organisms of different genera in the...
Patent
1994-06-10
1995-04-04
Lilling, Herbert J.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Process involving micro-organisms of different genera in the...
435 711, 435171, 435174, 435192, 435911, C12N 908, C12P 3900
Patent
active
054037239
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for the production of lignolytic enzymes by means of white rot fungi from the subclass of the Aphyllophorales.
During the last ten years, it has frequently been attempted to use white rot fungi for the production of lignolytic enzymes on an industrial scale. In this regard, Phanerochaete chrysosporium were at the center of attention.
For example, there are experiments carried out in the stirring fermenter (H. Janshekar und A. Fiechter, Journal of Biotechnology 8 (1988), 9714 112). However, these experiments were not successful because the pellets formed by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the stirring fermenter were shattered time and again. However, since Phanerochaete chrysosporium produces enzymes only when it is present in the form of pellets or in the immobilized state, optimum enzyme production cannot be achieved by the conventional processes in the stirring fermenter.
Moreover, biotechnology has developed reactors intended especially for sensitive cells. Thus, a so-called vibromixer has been developed which is suitable even for sensitive animal cells and plant cells (Einsele, Finn, Samhaber: Mikrobiologische und biochemische Verfahrenstechnik (Microbiological and Biochemical Technology), Weinheim 1985, p. 150; Einsele: Chem. Ing. Tech. 45 (1973), 1368; Rehm: Chem. Ing. Tech. 42 (1970), 583). The action of the vibromixer is based on the Bernoulli effect. Instead of the stirrer, a horizontally extending plate attached to a vertical shaft is arranged in the interior of the vessel. The plate has four holes which narrow downwardly. The plate is moved up and down by means of the shaft. This causes pressure differences in the four holes because the liquid flows back in the openings from the large diameter to the small diameter. While the cells are moved well in that manner, there is essentially no damage. However, a vibromixer of this type has the disadvantage that it still does not operate gently enough for the sensitive pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. In addition, up to today, vibromixers of this type cannot be used on a large commercial scale.
Finally, glass vessels moved by mechanical shakers are also suitable for the formation of pellets of microorganisms (H. J. Rehm: Einfuhrung in die industrielle Mikrobiologie (Introduction into Industrial Microbiology), Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1971). For this purpose, the vessels (usually bottles or Erlenmeyer flasks) are clamped in the machines in several tiers above each other. The shaking movement of the vessels causes air to be whipped into the solution from the surface. Amplitude machines, rotation machines and vibration machines which usually have variable speeds are used for shaking. The vessels may be provided with planar bulges, the so-called baffle plates. These systems have the disadvantage that they are only suitable for the laboratory scale. For a large-scale commercial application, thousands of bottles or Erlenmeyer flasks would be necessary, so that the use of such devices is economically not feasible.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the use of stirring reactors, it has been increasingly attempted to operate with immobilized cells (S. Linko, Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (1988), 163-170; H. Willerhausen, A. Jager, H. Graf, Journal of Biotechnology, 6 (1987), 239-243; Y. Linko, M. Leisola, N. Lindholm, J. Troller, P. Linko. A. Fiechter, Journal of Biotechnology, 4 (1986), 283-291). However, these attempts also failed when larger volumes were involved. As a rule, these processes could no longer be carried out when the fermenter volume was more than 40 l. The reason for this can essentially be found in the fact that Phanerochaete chrysosporium in pellet form has an optimum surface and, thus, produces enzymes best when it is present in this state.
A novel reactor has been specifically developed for solving the above-mentioned problems in the use of Phanerochaete chrysosporium for the production of lignolytic enzymes. This reactor is the subject matter of the prior, but not prepublished,
REFERENCES:
patent: 5153121 (1992-10-01), Asther et al.
patent: 5200338 (1993-04-01), Crawford et al.
patent: 5203964 (1993-04-01), Call
patent: 5278058 (1994-01-01), Call
patent: 5342765 (1994-08-01), Irvine et al.
Journal of Biotechnology, Bd. 8, No. 2, Jun. 1988, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 163-170.
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 109, No. 13, Sep. 26, 1988, Columbus, Ohio, Abstract No. 108861.
Journal of Biotechnology, Bd. 8, No. 2, Jun. 1988, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 97-112.
Kueffner Friedrich
Lilling Herbert J.
LandOfFree
Process for the production of lignolytic enzymes by means of whi does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Process for the production of lignolytic enzymes by means of whi, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Process for the production of lignolytic enzymes by means of whi will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2380055