Process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides

Details Process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides Process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides

1994-06-17

1996-05-07

Venkat, Jyothsan

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live hair or scalp treating compositions

Polymer containing

554 98, 554149, 424401, 252 891, A61K 706, C11D 128

Patent

active

055143687

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides, in which saturated, unsaturated and/or blown triglycerides are ethoxylated, sulfonated and neutralized, and to the use of these products in surface-active preparations.


RELATED ART

Hydrophilicized triglycerides are known surface-active compounds which may be prepared by sulfonation and/or ethoxylation of glycerides.
According to European patent application EP 0 305 925 A1, for example, epoxidized ricinolglycerides are reacted with gaseous sulfur trioxide.
According to German patent application DE 39 41 365 A1 and to International patent application WO 91/06532, surface-active substances can be obtained by sulfonating saturated or unsaturated triglycerides with gaseous sulfur trioxide.
In addition, European patent application EP 0 247 509 A1 describes leather oiling preparations which are produced by initially ethoxylating and/or epoxidizing unsaturated triglycerides and then sulfating the resulting intermediate products with sulfuric acid.
German patent application DE 34 32 219 A1 describes perfume oil solubilizers obtainable by subjecting epoxidized triglycerides to ring opening with nucleophiles and then ethoxylating the resulting polyols. Finally, International patent application WO 91/06531 describes the sulfation of these products.
Overall, the processes mentioned above have major disadvantages which are an obstacle to production of the products on an industrial scale:
Triglycerides which are hydrophilicized either by sulfonation or by ethoxylation show inadequate solubility in water for many applications.
The addition of sulfuric acid onto the double bonds of unsaturated, optionally ethoxylated triglycerides can only be successfully accomplished if the sulfating agent is used in excess and is attended by serious technical problems through the increase in viscosity. The subsequent neutralization of the acidic products leads inevitably to an undesirably high salt burden on account of the excess of sulfuric acid.
Epoxidized triglycerides can only be obtained at considerable expense and, hence, are unsuitable as raw materials for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides on economic grounds.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to develop a new process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides which would not be attended by any of the disadvantages mentioned above.


BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrophilicized triglycerides which is characterized in that saturated, unsaturated and/or blown triglycerides corresponding to formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 CO, R.sup.2 CO and R.sup.3 CO independently of one another represent optionally hydroxy-substituted acyl radicals containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 to 5 double bonds, catalysts, sulfur trioxide and with aqueous bases.
It has surprisingly been found that ethoxylated triglycerides may even be continuously sulfonated with gaseous sulfur trioxide without any viscosity problems.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

By triglycerides are meant full esters of glycerol with three identical or even different fatty acids. Triglycerides with iodine values of 7 to 180 and, more particularly, 80 to 115 are preferably used as raw materials.
The fatty acid component of the triglycerides may be derived, for example, from the following fatty acids: caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, arachidonic acid and clupanodonic acid. Triglycerides corresponding to formula (I), in which R.sup.1 CO, R.sup.2 CO and R.sub.3 CO independently of one another represent acyl radicals containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 or 2 double bonds, are preferably used.
The triglycerides may be of synthetic origin. However, it is p

REFERENCES:
patent: 4975090 (1990-12-01), Brehm et al.
J. Falbe (ed.), "Surfactants in Consumer Products", Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg, 1987, p. 61.

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