Compositions – Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
Patent
1993-06-21
1995-07-11
Skane, Christine
Compositions
Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
106 5, 252 857, 252173, 25217421, 252548, 252550, C11D 322, C09G 104
Patent
active
054318408
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to emulsions of wax in water and to their use in cleaning and care preparations.
2. Statement of Related Art
For many applications, waxes are not used in bulk or in solution, but rather in the form of emulsions in water which have various advantages over the other forms, such as ease of application, rapid mixing with other aqueous phases and the absence of inflammable or toxic solvents. Since waxes are generally not self-emulsifying, suitable emulsifiers have to be added as auxiliaries for the preparation of wax emulsions. Through the lack of workable theoretical concepts, these auxiliaries--even today--are still best selected empirically from the broad range of known emulsifiers. In many cases, compounds which have an excellent emulsifying effect on certain waxes are less suitable or unsuitable for other waxes. In many cases, therefore, the choice is still confined to emulsifiers which are not without disadvantages, such as inadequate biodegradability and incompatibility with other desired formulation ingredients, or which have troublesome effects in the practical application of the preparations produced from the emulsions. Thus, both cationic and anionic and nonionic emulsifiers are used today. Among the nonionic emulsifiers, highly ethoxylated fatty alcohols and sorbitan esters containing more than 20 mol ethylene oxide (EO) per molecule are of particular significance despite their poor biodegradability.
On account of the disadvantages attending most of the known emulsifiers suitable for wax, a search is still being conducted for compounds which are more suitable for the production and use of wax emulsions.
It has now been found that wax emulsions having excellent properties for further processing to cleaning and care preparations can be obtained providing certain alkyl glycosides are used as emulsifiers in their production.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a process for the production of wax-containing preparations for the cleaning and care of furniture, paint, leather, shoes or floors, in which an emulsion of wax in water containing as emulsifier an alkyl glycoside corresponding to general formula I glycoside-bonded residue of a monosaccharide and n has a value of 1 to 10, is mixed with the other constituents of the preparation.
The new process is distinguished by the fact that the wax emulsions used are particularly fine-particle emulsions and, as such, show high stability in storage. It is also worth noting that these wax emulsions can be incorporated particularly easily in the other constituents of the cleaning and care preparations. There is virtually no incompatibility with these constituents either during the production of the preparations or in their subsequent use.
The alkyl glycosides used as emulsifiers belong to a class of surfactants which have been known for more than 50 years and which were primarily proposed as wetting agents and cleaning agents in the treatment of textiles.
The alkyl glycosides may be prepared by methods known per se, cf. inter alia European patent application 362 671 where literature on earlier processes is also cited.
One synthesis of particular significance for large-scale production is essentially based on the acid-catalyzed condensation of monosaccharides of the aldose type (HO--G) with long-chain alcohols (R--OH) containing 8 to 22 and preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Alkyl glycosides corresponding to formula I of the reaction conditions, are formed with elimination of water. Alkyl glycosides corresponding to formula I with n=1 to 10 are suitable for the purposes of the invention, compounds in which n=1 to 6 and, more particularly, 1 to 2 being particularly preferred. In products where n is greater than 1, n is of course a statistical mean value.
The alkyl glycosides may also be produced from oligo- or polysaccharides which, in the course of the acid-catalyzed reaction, are then first depolymerized by hydrolysis and/or alcoholysis to lower f
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Holdt Bernd-Dieter
Noglich Juergen
Soldanski Heinz-Dieter
Drach John E.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Hertzog A.
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
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