Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation – From synthetic resin or rubber
Patent
1995-12-27
1998-12-15
Caldarola, Glenn
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation
From synthetic resin or rubber
C07C 100
Patent
active
058499644
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a process for the processing of salvaged or waste plastics materials for the purpose of extracting chemical starting materials and liquid fuel components.
2. Discussion of the Background
The invention is based on a process for the hydrotreating of carbon-containing material, whereby polymers, in particular polymer wastes in comminuted or dissolved form, are added to a high-boiling oil, and this mixture is subjected to a hydrogenation treatment in the presence of hydrogen in order to extract fuel components and chemical starting materials (cf. DD 254 207 A1).
A process to convert used tyres, rubber and/or other plastics materials into liquid, gaseous and solid products by means of a depolymerizing treatment in a carrier under increased pressure and elevated temperature has been described in DE-A25 30 229. It was, in particular, intended that no harmful substances, such as SO.sub.2, carbon black or the like, should reach the atmosphere. Used tyres, for example, after comminution and mixing with a recycle oil from the hydrogenation product are admitted to a hydrogenation reactor with the addition of hydrogen at a hydrogen pressure of 150 bar and at a temperature of 450.degree. C. in the presence of substances which catalyse the cracking and hydrogenation reactions.
DE-A-2 205 001 describes a process for the thermal processing of waste matter and unvulcanized rubber, whereby the waste matter is cracked at temperatures of 250.degree. to 450.degree. C. in the presence of an auxiliary phase which is fluid at the reaction temperature.
In addition, reference is made to a paper by Ronald H. Wolk, Michael C. Chervenak and Carmine A. Battista in Rubber Age, June 1974, pages 27 to 38, regarding the hydrogenation of waste tyres for the purpose of extracting hydrocarbon-based liquid products, which have a boiling point in the gas oil range, and carbon black which can be re-used as a filler material.
Furthermore, a process is known whereby polymer wastes, in particular salvaged rubber, are dissolved in the residual products from the processing of crude oil. The resultant mixture is then subjected to a coking process to produce coke. In so doing, gaseous and fluid products are obtained. According to DD 0 144 171, the latter are said to be suitable as fuel components, after appropriate processing.
According to the process according to DD 254 207, the polymer concentration in the hydrogenation starting product is, for example, between 0.01 to 20% by mass. The joint hydrogenating treatment of heavy oils with dissolved and/or suspended polymers should be restricted to hydrogenation processes in which the hydrogenation is carried out in tube reactors with or without a suspended catalyst. If reactors were to be operated using catalysts in a fixed bed, the use of polymers would be possible only to a limited degree, in particular when polymers which depolymerize already in the heating-up phase up to about 420.degree. C. before entry into the reactor were to be used.
The object, at this point, in processes to process salvaged plastics materials, is that there should not be a restriction to additions of only up to 20% by mass of salvaged plastics material to heavy oil conversion processes which are typical for oil refineries.
A further problem arises in that, in the chemical conversion of plastics-containing waste products, chlorine-containing plastics materials must also be simultaneously processed. The corrosive halogen hydrides, which appear in the form of gaseous cracking products during depolymerization according to the state of the art processes, necessitate specific precautionary measures.
A further problem arises in that the waste or salvaged plastics materials in part contain not inconsiderable quantities of inorganic secondary components, such as pigments, metals and fillers, which may, in certain depolymerization processes, e.g. in the reprocessing of depolymerization products, lead to difficulties.
It is, therefore, also the object of the pre
REFERENCES:
patent: 4982027 (1991-01-01), Korff et al.
patent: 5070109 (1991-12-01), Ulick et al.
patent: 5079385 (1992-01-01), Wu
Holighaus Rolf
Niemann Klaus
Rupp Martin
Caldarola Glenn
Dang Thuan
Veba Oel Aktiengesellschaft
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