Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Patent
1996-04-08
1998-10-20
Morgan, Kriellion S.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
524767, 524774, 424401, 252 325, 252541, 514 78, 514557, C08K 302, A61K 600, C10M10508
Patent
active
058247378
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions in which water-insoluble agents which form free radicals monomers which can be polymerized by free radicals and
The invention also relates to aqueous polymer dispersions which can be prepared by this process and to the use of these polymer dispersions for the production of particularly environment-friendly products, cosmetics, medicaments and medical diagnostic agents.
The process described above is known. Suitable choice of the emulsifiers allows preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions which comprise polymer particles having very small particle sizes (5 to 50 nm) and a narrow particle size distribution (cf., for example, Antonietti, M.; Bremser, W.; Muschenborn, D.; Rosenauer, C.; Schupp, B.; Schmidt, M.; Macromolecules 1991, 24, 6636). The enormous internal surface area of such polymer dispersions can be modified chemically in various ways and adapted to suit the desired intended use (cf., for example, Antonietti, M.; Lohmann, S.; von Niel, C.; Macromolecules 1992, 25, 1139).
The polymer dispersions prepared to date by the process described above unfortunately comprise toxic, cationic surfactants. The present invention is based on the object of providing a process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions of the type described above, with which aqueous polymer dispersions which have this disadvantage only to a reduced extent or not at all can be prepared.
Surprisingly, it has been possible to achieve this object by providing a process of the type described above, which is characterized in that, as component (A), a mixture of naturally occurring zwitterionic phosphatides and and/or a salt of deoxycholic acid and/or ricinoleic acid and/or a salt of ricinoleic acid and/or oleic acid and/or a salt of oleic acid
In principle, any naturally occurring, zwitterionic phosphatide or a mixture of naturally occurring zwitterionic phosphatides can be employed as component (a1). The class of naturally occurring substances employed as component (a1) includes fat-like triglycerides which contain two long-chain fatty acids and a phosphoric acid radical, onto which a base is also bonded. They occur in all animal and plant cells, above all in the brain, in the heart, in the liver, in egg yolk and in soybeans. Cephalin and lecithin are preferably employed as component (a1). Both cephalin and lecithin comprise a mixture of phosphatides which contain various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, for example palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. Cephalin and lecithin can be assigned the chemical structures shown in structural formulae I and II, wherein R and R' in each case are a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid. ##STR1##
Lecithin is preferably employed as component (a1).
Cholic acid and/or a salt of cholic acid and/or deoxycholic acid and/or a salt of deoxycholic acid and/or ricinoleic acid and/or a salt of ricinoleic acid and/or oleic acid and/or a salt of oleic acid is employed as component (a2). The chemical structure of cholic acid and deoxycholic acid is shown in the structure formulae III and IV. ##STR2##
If salts of cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, ricinoleic acid or oleic acid are employed as component a2), salts which are physiologically tolerated (for example sodium salts) are preferably employed. A salt of cholic acid, particularly preferably the sodium salt of cholic acid, a salt of oleic acid, particularly preferably the sodium salt of oleic acid, or a mixture of a salt of cholic acid, in particular the sodium salt of cholic acid, and a salt of oleic acid, in particular the sodium salt of oleic acid, is preferably employed as component (a2).
Ricinoleic acid is another name for 12-hydroxyoleic acid. Component (A) employed according to the invention preferably comprises 5 to 95% by weight of component (a1) and 95 to 5% by weight of component (a2). A mixture of 15 to 50% by weight of lecithin and 85 to 50% by weight of the sodium salt of cholic acid or of the sodium salt of oleic acid or of a mixture
REFERENCES:
patent: 4432968 (1984-02-01), Page et al.
patent: 5002761 (1991-03-01), Mueller et al.
BASF Lacke + Farbem AG
Morgan Kriellion S.
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