Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1994-12-15
1996-07-02
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
526195, 526222, 526234, 526256, 526258, 526270, 526271, 526262, C08F 400, C08F 2806, C08F 2606, C08F 2400, C08F 3400
Patent
active
055323286
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a polymer from a heterocyclic monomer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Such a process is known from EP-A-399,463. In the process disclosed therein a solution of a heterocyclic monomer is brought at a suitable temperature, after which the polymer is prepared in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The polymer formed is isolated from the reaction mixture using a centrifugation technique, following which the polymer is further purified by means of a precipitation technique.
A disadvantage of the process disclosed in EP-A-399,463 is that the resulting polymer can hardly if at all be processed, both its thermal properties and the solubility properties being absolutely insufficient for this. In addition, the reaction times of the reactions that take place are very long, and the yields of these reactions very low. As a result, large-scale application of the process as described above is not economically viable. A further disadvantage is that the heterocyclic monomer units from which the polymer is prepared is hardly if at all thermostable, so that it can be kept only if the necessary precautions are taken.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is the aim of the invention to provide a process for the preparation of polymers that does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages. The process according to the invention is characterized in that polymerization takes place in the presence of a sulphur-containing reagent.
It has been found that the process of the invention can be used to prepare polymers that are readily processed in solution. It has further been found that the reaction time of the reaction that takes place is short, while also the efficiency of the reaction is good. In the process according to the invention use is made of heterocyclic monomer units that are thermostable. Such monomer units are easy to synthesize and easy to keep.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present process provides an improved means for preparing a polymer from heterocyclic monomer units by conducting the polymerization in the presence of a sulphur-containing reagent.
The heterocyclic monomer units that can be used in the process according to the invention have a structure according to formula 1 or formula 2 of the formula sheet, where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are chosen from the group consisting of hydrocarbon, alkyl groups with 1-20 carbon atoms, aryl groups with 6-20 carbon atoms, alkaryl groups with 7-40 carbon atoms, aralkyl groups with 7-40 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups with 1-18 carbon atoms, --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 with n=1-4 and halogens; or where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 both form part of a closed ring structure; X=O or S; Y=O, S or N--R.sub.3 ; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group or an aralkyl group. Optionally, the ring structure is substituted with such substituents also on other places. Some specific examples of suitable monomer units are maleic anhydride, n-phenyl maleimide, maleimide, citraconic anhydride, succinic anhydride, .gamma.-butyrolactone and glutaric anhydride.
Optionally, the heterocyclic monomer unit contains a second closed ring structure, for example as represented in the formulas 3 and 4 presented elsewherein herein. Some specific examples of such monomer units are phtalide, phthalic anhydride and phtalimide.
The above-mentioned second ring structure optionally contains atoms other than carbon atoms. Examples of such monomer units are represented in formula 5 to formula 15 inclusive, where Z=N or P, or in formula 16 to formula 19 inclusive, where X and Y are as defined above, and where Q=O, S or N--R.sub.3 ; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group or aralkyl group. It is also possible for Z to be replaced wholly or partly by O and/or S atoms, in which case the adjoining unsaturated bonds of course have disappeared. In the formula 5 through formula 19 inclusive R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above. Optionally, the
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Froehling Peter E.
Gelan Joannes M. J. V.
Hoogmartens Ivan A. L.
Vanderzande Dirk J. M.
Cheng Wu C.
DSM N.V.
Schofer Joseph L.
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