Process for the manufacture of nitric acid esters

Details Process for the manufacture of nitric acid esters Process for the manufacture of nitric acid esters

1984-06-14

1989-08-01

Richman, Barry S.

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Nitrate esters or chalcogen analogues thereof

558484, C07C 7702

Patent

active

048531570

ABSTRACT:
A process for the preparation of nitric acid esters of organic hydroxy compounds by reacting an organic hydroxy compound with nitric acid in the presence of both sulphuric acid and in a solvent, followed by separating off the spent acid, substantially neutralizing the residual acidity of the organic solution, and removing solvent to leave the organic nitrate. From 95% to 220% of the stoichiometric requirement of nitric acid for complete nitration is used. The mole ratio of water to sulphuric acid at the end of the reaction is from 0.2:1 to 2.5:1. From 200 to 2000 ml of solvent per mole of hydroxy group is present. Yields of at least 92% are obtained. The invention is particularly suitable for the preparation of alkyl nitrates, alkylene or polyalkylene glycol, monoalkyl ether mononitrates, alkylene or polyalkylene glycol dinitrates, diol nitrates, nitrates containing homocyclic or heterocyclic rings, or nitrates derived from polyols.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3111538 (1963-11-01), Stow
patent: 3331867 (1967-07-01), Smiley
patent: 3408388 (1968-10-01), Hagemeyer et al.
patent: 4000179 (1976-12-01), Ayerst
patent: 4251455 (1981-02-01), Gebauer
patent: 4352699 (1982-10-01), Ziegler
Russian publication by E. Yu. Orlova, "Khimiyai tekhnologiya brizantnykh vzryvchatykh veshchestv", Khimiya publishing house, 10, 1973, p. 585.
Chemtech-Oct. 1977, pp. 626-629, entitled "Synthetic Housekeeping-Nitration", Chemical Communications, Jul. 1977, pp. 484-485.

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