Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving antigen-antibody binding – specific binding protein...
Patent
1991-03-22
1994-05-10
Rosen, Sam
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving antigen-antibody binding, specific binding protein...
435 7021, 43524027, 436548, 53038826, C12Q 100, G01N 33535, C12N 516
Patent
active
053106555
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a process for the detection of the functioning of the kidney tubules and an antibody suitable therefor.
The kidney is one of the most important organs of the human organism. It serves to excrete from the blood the substances which the body no longer requires and to maintain the dynamic equilibrium of water and salt within the organism by means of osmotic regulation, excretion of water and water resorption. The morphological and functional units in which the formation of urine takes place are designated as nephrons. A nephron consists of the renal corpuscules in which the primary urine is filtered off and the tubule apparatus in which the urine concentration takes place. The renal corpuscule, which is also referred to as the glomerulus, is followed by the proximal tubule with its convoluted part, designated as the pars convoluta, and thereafter its straight part, designated as the pars recta, the epithelium of which is covered with a so-called hair-border membrane. There follows the transfer part which passes over into the thick ascending limb of the distal tubule. The transfer part and the ascending thick limb are combined under the designation loop of Henle. The distal tubule opens via its convoluted part into the collection tube which leads off the urine to the papilla tip and from there into the renal pelvis.
In the ascending limb of the loop of Henle a protein is formed which designated after its discoverers as Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP). The function and mode of action of this protein could hitherto not be conclusively elucidated.
Since the kidney is a very important organ, it is very important for clinical diagnosis to ascertain early damage of the kidney, as well as an impairment of its function. Admittedly, infectious diseases of the kidney can thereby be detected relatively simply by detection of the corresponding pathogens in the urine. Some other diseases of the kidney can also be diagnosed by detection of blood, amino acids or sugar in the urine. However, a decompensation of the kidney function does not, as a rule, make itself noticeable in the early stage by typical symptoms so that a diagnosis is difficult here. Just as as there was little possibility of monitoring the regeneration of cells of a transplanted kidney after a kidney transplant and to make statements regarding an acceptance or rejection. The sure coordination of these regeneration processes was hitherto only possible morphologically in biopsy material. Therefore, for the clinical diagnosis, it was very important to find a parameter in order to be able to ascertain organic disturbances of the kidney function early and without expenditure.
All experiments previously carried out to find a parameter which could be usable diagnostically for the control of the kidney function had the object of detecting damage of cells by detection of proteins which are excreted in the case of cell damage. An example herefor is the detection of villin in the urine. However, as a rule, these detection processes indicate very little since the appearance of these proteins in the urine can be attributed to the most varied causes and a direct correlation with particular function disturbances is not provided.
There are numerous publications about the role of THP in kidney diseases, as well as about how far the THP content in the urine could be evaluated diagnostically. The statements in the literature in this regard are contradictory. Some authors found that, in the case of certain diseases of the kidney, the THP content is increased, whereas other investigators found that the THP content is not influenced at all by diseases of the kidney. The contradictory results may thereby be due to non-specific methods of detection.
Therefore, it was the task of the invention to find a parameter which permits the control of the kidney function and to provide a process for the monitoring of the kidney function, as well as for the control of transplant rejections, which is simple to carry out and provides a dependable parameter. In particular, it w
REFERENCES:
patent: 4575486 (1986-03-01), Laird
Brunisholz et al.-Chem. Abst. vol. 104 (1986) p. 223,179.
Chemical Abstracts General Subject Index vols. 96-105 (1982-1986) pp. 288S-28802GS.
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for human Tamm-Horsfall protein, M. Brunisholz, et al., Kidney International, vol. 29 (1986), pp. 971-976.
Pennica, D., et al. Science 236:83-88 (1987).
Brandis Mathias
Fabricius Thomas
Kinne Rolf
Pietruschka Fricke
Zimmerhackl Lothar
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften e.v.
Rosen Sam
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