Textiles: knitting – Independent-needle machines – Straight
Patent
1998-10-16
2000-09-26
Worrell, Danny
Textiles: knitting
Independent-needle machines
Straight
66 76, D04B 710
Patent
active
061229377
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method of producing a three-dimensional knit, i.e. a knit whose surface area is shaped spatially, as is the case of e.g. balaclava helmets or sock heels, shaping being achieved by accepted practice in loops being widened and/or narrowed in specific portions of the knit.
It is in the marginal portion of such widening or narrowing that inhomogeneities materialize due especially to the normal, i.e. not knitted three-dimensionally, knit being tensioned or deformed in the marginal portion of the three-dimensionally knitted area. Accordingly, these marginal portions represent a weakened zone having the tendency to open up when exposed to mechanical stress.
It is thus the object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional knit which is relatively insensitive all over to mechanical stresses.
In accordance with the invention widening or narrowing the loops is no longer done in a single defined portion, but at many locations preferably distributed homogeneously in the shaping area. In this way shaping is integrated homogeneously in the knit, i.e. excessively stressed margins no longer occur in the marginal portion of a closely defined shaping area which tend to break prematurely.
The art in accordance with the invention permits production of all possible shapes such as e.g. spherical or dished shapes without e.g. as in the conventional fashioning technique a line existing within which all loops are reduced, resulting in the knit being subjected to particular stresses in the region of this line. Due to the invention, widening or narrowing or inactivating needles is distributed over the complete portion to be shaped so that the deformation of the knit no longer occurs along a line, it instead being homogeneously distributed over the complete knit. Furthermore, the deformation at each and every widening or narrowing location or needle inactivating/activating is no longer so pronounced since due to the plurality of locations widening
arrowing/inactivation becomes less at each location, i.e. the deformation of the knit at any widening
arrowing/inactivation location is less than in prior art in which all widening
arrowing/inactivation needed for shaping was done at only a single or a few locations.
These locations as cited above are now homogeneously distributed by the invention over the portion to be shaped, this distribution being intended to be as even, i.e. homogeneous as possible. The distribution may be achieved regularly, i.e. controlled so that all widening
arrowing/inactivation locations are spaced away from each other more or less evenly. However, these locations may also be distributed statistically over the portion to be shaped, thus avoiding the creation of all and any texture possibly consistituing a design break point.
The degree of deformation is preferably controlled via the density, i.e. the mutual spacing of the locations where widening
arrowing/inactivation occurs. Should heavy deformation be desired, then these locations are arranged in a higher density than in portions in which less deformation is wanted. In this way homogeneous textile pieces may be produced comprising portions less and more deformed as desired, thus enabling homogeneous knits to be produced in any desired shape.
A basic distinction is made between two ways of producing three-dimensional textile structures. For one, a three-dimensional shape is achieved by widening and/or narrowing the loops in several portions of the knit, whereby the number of widened
arrowed or split/unified loops per location should not be excessive, e.g. not amount to more than ten loops. Widening several loops within the knit at several locations produces a bulge in the knit at the widening locations. Narrowing the loops in the knit at a plurality of locations causes the knit to pucker in this portion, again producing a bulged portion. Widening and narrowing may be combined as desired to achieve the desired shapes.
Another way of producing three-dimensional knits consists of rendering needles inactive in specific po
Recaro GmbH & Co.
Worrell Danny
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