Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the...
Patent
1993-10-04
1996-07-23
Dees, Jos e G.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the...
554 76, 554149, 554156, 554170, 502512, 502506, C11C 300
Patent
active
055391354
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP92/00675 filed Mar. 3, 1992.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a process for the production of hydrophobicized double layer hydroxide compounds by reaction of double layer hydroxide compounds with carboxylic acids or salts thereof at elevated temperature and subsequent drying of the reaction products, and to the use of these compounds as catalysts in the alkoxylation of compounds containing active hydrogen atoms or of fatty acid esters.
STATEMENT OF RELATED ARTS
By virtue of their excellent detergent properties and their high solubility in cold water, adducts of ethylene and/or propylene oxide with primary alcohols, which are known as alcohol alkoxylates or alcohol polyglycol ethers, are acquiring increasing significance as nonionic surfactants for the production of laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning products. However, in the course of the alkoxylation reaction, which is generally carried out in the presence of readily soluble alkali metal hydroxides or alcoholales, there is not selective addition of a discrete number of ethylene and/or propylene oxide units onto one molecule of the alcohol; instead the reaction follows statistical laws and leads to a mixture of homologous addition products of which the degrees of alkoxylation cover a broad spectrum.
It is known from J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 63, 691 (1986) and HAPPI 52 (1986) that the distribution of the degrees of alkoxylation in the mixture of the alcohol alkoxylates, the so-called "homolog distribution", critically influences the properties of the addition products obtained. It has been found in this regard that products with a "narrow" homolog distribution, which are known as narrow-range alkoxylates, have advantages over comparable products with a "broad" homolog distribution, including for example: containing alcohol alkoxylate.
There has been no shortage of attempts in the past to produce adducts, of ethylene and/or propylene oxide with primary alcohols, which have a narrow homolog distribution and exhibit the described property profile, by variation of the alkoxylation catalyst.
Double layer hydroxide compounds, for example of the hydrotalcite type, have proved to be particularly effective heterogeneous catalysts, i.e. catalysts insoluble in the reaction mixture, for the production of narrow-range nonionic surfactants.
Thus, DE 38 43 713 A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,962,237 describe processes for the alkoxylalion of compounds containing active hydrogen atoms which are carried out in the presence of hydrotalcites. However, the hydrotalcites have to be converted beforehand into a calcined form suitable for catalytic purposes by heating for several hours to temperatures of 400.degree. to 600.degree. C. Although the narrow homolog distribution of the nonionic surfactants obtainable by this process may be regarded as satisfactory, production of the catalyst, particularly the calcination step, is both energy- and time-consuming and therefore disadvantageous. In addition, calcined compounds are susceptible to traces of water and to the carbon dioxide in the air (reverse reaction of the calcination), so that their range of application and stability in storage are limited by the loss of activity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION OBJECTION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide a process for the production of activated double layer hydroxide compounds which would not have any of the disadvantages described above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrophobicized double layer hydroxide compounds which is characterized in that double layer hydroxide compounds corresponding to general formula (I) : atoms or a salt thereof and/or or a salt thereof,
It has surprisingly been found that hydrophobicization of double layer hydroxides by the process according to the invention, i.e. reaction of the layer compounds with organic acids and subsequent drying, results in activation in the same way
REFERENCES:
patent: 4351814 (1982-09-01), Miyata et al.
patent: 4629626 (1986-12-01), Miyata et al.
patent: 4962237 (1990-10-01), Laycock
patent: 5292910 (1994-03-01), Raths et al.
J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 63, 691 (1986).
Happi 52 (1986).
Chimia 24, 99 (1970).
Breuer Wolfgang
Mai Claudia
Raths Hans-Christian
Scholz Elvira
Carr Deborah D.
Dees Jos e G.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
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