Radiation imagery chemistry: process – composition – or product th – Electric or magnetic imagery – e.g. – xerography,... – Process of making radiation-sensitive composition
Patent
1997-07-15
1998-07-28
Martin, Roland
Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product th
Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography,...
Process of making radiation-sensitive composition
540140, C09B 4704, G03G 506
Patent
active
057861218
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a new process for producing titanylphtalocyanine modifications. These highly active forms can be used as picture-generating components in electrophotography.
The use of titanylphthalocyanine in electrophotography has been known for some considerable time (e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 3,825,422). When dealing with this compound it has become evident that the electrophotographic activity depends on its morphology. The different modifications were given A); form II (or .alpha..sub.-- or B); form III (or C or m); form IV (or y or "new type"); form X; form Z1 and form Z2!. It is significant that as a result of suitable treatment, the electrophotographically less active forms (e.g. the .alpha.- or .beta.-form) can be transformed into electrophotographically more active forms (preferably into form IV). As is well known, this can already happen in acidpasting which has been known for a long time, in which a phthalocyanine is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid and precipitated again by adding water. In this it is difficult to obtain the different modifications in pure form. For example, a process for producing form IV has been described in DE 3823363.
It seems obvious that for producing titanylphthalocyanine in general, the path from diamino-isoindolyl and Ti(OR).sub.4 (R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) seems to be more advantageous than from phthalonitrile and titanylchloride. EP-A-460565 as well as applications additional to it describe the production of different polymorphous titanylphthalocyanine forms in detail. In this, the production of form IV is from crude titanylphthalocyanine with trifluoroacetic acid/methylene chloride as a solvent and subsequent precipitation of the titanylphthalocyanine by way of a solvent system, in particular an alcohol (MeOH) and water. Subsequently, the precipitate is washed and dried. The additional patent (EP-A-508772) published later, discloses the production of form I from 1,3-diamino-isoindolyl and titanium tetrabutoxide; the dissolution of this in trifluoroacetic acid in order to obtain form X; and the transformation of form X into form IV by treatment with halobenzenes, especially chlorobenzene.
According to Fujimaki, Y. et al, J. Imag. Techn. 17 (1991) 202,significant characteristics of form IV are a dark waste of 13 V/sec (charging potential -600 V), a half-fall energy E/2 of 0.75 erg/cm.sup.2 (at 800 mm) and an afterpotential of 70 V at 10 erg/cm.sup.2. Furthermore, significant characteristics of form IV are peaks in the X-ray diffraction diagram at 2.theta. at 9.4.degree. and 27.3.degree..
It is the objective of the invention to offer a new process for producing electrophotographically active titanylphthalocyanine.
The process for producing electrophotographically active titanylphthalocyanine according to the invention consists of crude, electrophotographically inactive titanylphthalocyanine being dissolved in a mixture of pentafluoropropionic acid and a solvent from the group comprising halogenated alkanes, halogenated aromatics or halogenated alkanes and/or halogenated aromatics and sulphonic acids or sulphonic acid mixtures; and by precipitating the titanylphthalocyanine with water, if necessary in the presence of a further polar organic solvent.
The electrophotographically active titanylphthalocyanine is obviously of type IV, because it shows its characteristics in the X-ray diffraction diagram, i.e. in the X-ray diffraction diagram it displays characteristic diffraction angles at 9.4.degree. and 27.3.degree..
The halogenated alkane used in the process according to the invention is a polychloralkane or polybromalkane, preferably selected from among methylene chloride, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, trichloroethane, in particular methylene chloride. Chlorobenzene is an example of a halogenated aromatic used.
The sulphonic acid also used as a solvent, in combination with a halogenated alkane and/or halogenated aromatics, is an aliphatic or an aromatic sulphonic acid, in particular a fluorinated sulphonic acid. Apart from monosulphonic acids, it is possible t
REFERENCES:
patent: 3825422 (1974-07-01), Gruber et al.
patent: 5334478 (1994-08-01), Desilets et al.
patent: 5432278 (1995-07-01), Yamazaki et al.
Fujimaki et al., Journal of Imaging Technology, vol. 17, pp. 202-206, 1991.
Chemical Abstracts: 93:217,372.
Ackermann Roland
Humpert Hans-Josef
Lutz Manfred
Richter Andreas M.
Martin Roland
Syntec Gesellschaft fur Chemie und Technologie der Informationsa
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