Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Patent
1993-06-07
1995-06-27
Griffin, Ronald W.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
514557, C11B 700
Patent
active
054277906
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a process for producing a triglyceride mix free from components hampering further processing or a triglyceride of single fatty acids which is at least technically pure, from a vegetable oil and/or a derivative containing the unaltered carbon framework of a vegetable oil as starting material, which is cooled as such or in solution and then separated into a predominantly solid and a predominantly liquid phase, wherein the cooling and separation of one of the phases or both phases are repeated if desired.
In the further processing of triglyceride mixes, especially in double bond derivatives formed from the oleic acid of such mixes, it is particularly important that the mix to be processed does not contain any components which undergo reactions concurrent with the reaction of the double bond of the oleic acid component. On the other hand it is not necessary to isolate the oleic acid component completely for this purpose, which would lead to unacceptably high costs.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The majority of vegetable oils, especially the agriculturally produced vegetable oils, contain as fatty acids those with chain lengths of C16 and C18, the commonest fatty acids being palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid (C18), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and linolenic acid (C18:3). The numbers following the colons give the number of double bonds in the fatty acid chain.
Although the majority of common fats and oils consist mainly of triglycerides of these 5 fatty acids, they exhibit in part substantial differences in chemical and physical properties. These differences arise above all in that even with only moderately different fatty acid patterns, serious differences exist in the distribution of the individual triglycerides in the oils and fats involved.
With an oil or fat with a content of 50% of one predominant fatty acid in the fatty acid pattern, there are, in accordance with the combination rules, over 150 chemically different triglycerides present in appreciable proportions, if all the above-mentioned 5 fatty acids occur in appreciable proportions in the fatty acid pattern. The "main component" is merely the triglyceride carrying the predominant fatty acid. It is however represented by only 12.5% of the total amount of triglyceride. As against this, an oil or a fat in which one fatty acid is represented by approximately 80% in the fatty acid pattern, consists practically only of those triglycerides in which the predominant fatty acid occurs at least twice. Overall such an oil consists much more than 90% of merely nine different triglycerides, when all the above-mentioned five fatty acids are present in appreciable proportions in the fatty acid pattern. Over 50% of such a fat or oil is formed from the triglyceride carrying solely the predominant fatty acid.
From the above it is clear that--if possible at all--separation of chemically uniformly constituted triglycerides is more possible with such oils and fats as those in which a single fatty acid predominates strongly.
However, even in this case the art has previously taught that the differences in physical properties of the triglycerides in question are so small that separation of the triglycerides by simple physical methods of separation would not be possible.
The production of chemically pure oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, as well as the production of chemically pure mono, di and triglycerides of these fatty acids has been effected to date by use of extremely expensive physical and chemical methods, such as high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the chemical synthesis of the mono, di and triglycerides from the corresponding fatty acids previously rendered pure. Accordingly it is true that highly enriched triglycerides of vegetable oils or their derivatives, containing only one fatty acid type can be produced but only at very substantial cost. These lie in order of magnitude of about 10,000 DM per kg for a trioleate of high purity. With the product
REFERENCES:
patent: 4297292 (1981-10-01), Logan et al.
U. Erasmas "Fats and Oils".
Hoffman, The Chem. and Technology of Edible Oils and Fats and Their High Fat Prodr. Head Press. London, 1990 pp. 370-371, 257-259.
Data Base WPIL, Week 9120, (Derwent Publications, Ltd. London).
Frische Rainer
Jager Erika
Kramer Michaela
Schneider Judith
Volkheimer Jurgen
Dr. Frische GmbH
Griffin Ronald W.
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