Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Process of utilizing an enzyme or micro-organism to destroy... – Treating animal or plant material or micro-organism
Patent
1981-04-03
1987-08-11
Nucker, Christine M.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Process of utilizing an enzyme or micro-organism to destroy...
Treating animal or plant material or micro-organism
435911, 426 49, 426 50, 426 52, G08B 3004
Patent
active
046861874
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a useful method for the isolation of pectin from plant tissues with the use of particular yeasts.
Pectin is a useful polysaccaride utilized as a raw material for foods, medicines or cosmetics, which is contained in higher plants in large amounts. Hitherto, the production of pectin has been carried out by heat-extracting a plant tissue containing pectic substances in the presence of a chelating agent, an acid or the like. However, such methods cause difficulty in the isolation of pectin and problems in the treatment of residues.
The present inventors have repeatedly studied methods for producing pectin under mild conditions, instead of the known chemical methods mentioned above, and have previously found that Trichosporon penicillatum SNO-3, belonging to the genus Trichosporon, produces an enzyme which is able to liberate pectin from various plant tissues, without rupturing the tissues (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 70495/1979). In that application, a process for preparing pectin by subjecting a plant tissue containing pectin as a component to the actions of a microorganism which belongs to the genus of Trichosporon and possesses an activity of liberating pectin from a plant tissue, a culture broth of said microorganism and its extract is claimed. As the result of a further development for the above studies, it was found that various yeasts possess an activity of liberating pectin from plant tissues containing pectic substances, which is the basis of the present invention.
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing pectin, which is characterized by subjecting a plant tissue containing pectic substances to the action of a microorganism which belongs to the genus Endomyces, Endomycopsis, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Debaryomyces, Hanseniaspora, Torulopsis, Candida or Kluyveromyces and possesses an activity liberating pectin from a plant tissue; or of a culture broth or processed material thereof to liberate pectin from said plant tissue; and recovering the pectin.
The microorganisms used in the invention are sporogeneous or sporogenous yeasts. Examples thereof are as follows.
The microorganisms belonging to Endomyces are Endomyces geotrichum and Endomyces lindneri;
those belonging to Endomycopsis are Endomycopsis capsularis and Endomycopsis vernalis;
those belonging to Saccharomyces are Saccharomyces uvarum, Saccharomyces bailii, Saccharomyces delbrueckii and Saccharomyces fermentati;
those belonging to Schizosaccharomyces is Schizosaccharomyces octosporus;
those belonging to Pichia are Pichia orientalis, Pichia polymorpha and Pichia farinosa;
those belonging to Hansenula are Hansenula saturnus and Hansenula minuta;
those belonging to Debaryomyces are Debaryomyces hansenii and Debaryomyces castellii;
those belonging to Hanseniaspora are Hanseniaspora valbyensis and Hanseniaspora uvarum;
those belonging to Torulopsis are Torulopsis sphaerica and Torulopsis pinus;
those belonging to Candida are Candida krusei, Candida glaebosa and Candida macedoniensis;
those belonging to Kluyveromyces are Kluyveromyces fragilis, Kluyveromyces lactis, Kluyveromyces marxianus and Kluyveromyces drosophilarum; and strains similar to these strains and mutants thereof. The term "strains similar to these strains" mentioned above means those which possess a pectin-liberating activity and have mycological properties similar to those of these strains. The term "mutants thereof" also includes any of the mutants of the specifically exemplified strains and strains similar thereto which are artifically induced by chemical or physical means or are spontaneously induced. Artificial means which may be used for the mutation are those known in the art.
The present invention also depends upon the discovery that yeast microorganisms contain an enzyme which is capable of liberating pectin.
Any strains to be included in the above-mentioned genera, insofar as they contain such an enzyme, are within the scope of the present invention.
For t
REFERENCES:
patent: 2387635 (1945-10-01), Bailey
patent: 3063911 (1962-11-01), Tanaka et al.
Eddy, from Biochemistry of Industrial Microorganisms, Rainbow et al, eds., Academic Press, London, 1963, pp. 494-495.
Laskin et al, Handbook of Microbiology, condensed edition, CRC Press, Cleveland, 1974, p. 413.
Katsuragi Tohoru
Sakai Takuo
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