Surgery – Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material – Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
Patent
1987-09-21
1989-11-28
Apley, Richard J.
Surgery
Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material
Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
604336, 604364, 604904, 424445, 4283177, A61F 1316, A61F 1318, A61F 1320
Patent
active
048834785
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for preparing an absorbing composition with particular application in the absorption of physiological fluids: urine, wound secretions, blood, etc. This composition can be used as a dressing in the treatment of wounds or as an additive in disposable articles of hygiene, notably for female hygiene.
The absorbing compounds referred to below are polymers, hydrophilic macromolecules which are virtually insoluble in water and swell in the presence of water until they acquire the consistency of a gel. These superabsorbents, also called hydrogels, water-retaining agents or improved retention additives, abbreviated IRA, are solids able to gel liquid 10 to 1000 times their own weight. The gels obtained have the property of not desorbing liquid easily when subjected to pressure which deforms the mass. For this reason, superabsorbents have numerous applications in agriculture for water retention, and in hygiene for the absorption of physiological fluids such as urine and blood where they are used as additives to improve absorption capacity of the absorbing mass, fibrous material, generally cellulose foam, comprising diapers, baby slips, sanitary towels and tampons. They are also used in medicine for the treatment of wounds. The most common compounds are alginates, cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose, branched starches and in synthetic derivatives of the acrylamide or acrylate type.
These compounds each have their own physicochemical characteristics, such as the speed of gelling and absorption capacity. Nonetheless, even for a given compound these characteristics vary considerably depending on the type of fluid absorbed: pure water, urine, serum, blood.
Hence, the absorption capacity can be divided by 10 when water is replaced by salt water, and the gelling speed is considerably reduced. This is a drawback in the case, for example, of diapers for infants. Indeed, if the child urinates and the urine is not absorbed rapidly enough, when the diaper is changed there may be a loss of liquid.
These compounds are, moreover, costly. For disposable articles of hygiene manufactured on a large scale, where costs must be finely judged, there is a continuous need for studies of more economical products.
In order to improve the absorption speed of the superabsorbent, attempts have already been made to introduce them dry or disperse them in mineral or organic powders, such as cellulose (U.S. Pat. No. 4055184), inert materials, such as cellulose, clays (patents DE No. 2264027, JP No. 13543575), silica or aluminum (U.S. Pat. No. 3932322), carboxymethylcellulose (U.S. Pat. No. 4043921, FR No. 2388901), and in water-soluble powders (EP No. 71063), which may be mono- and/or disaccharides (patent JP No. 59 89169).
The aim of the invention is to prepare an absorbing composition from any superabsorbent, with improved qualities by comparison with the corresponding superabsorbent, or with at least comparable qualities but of reduced cost, hence improving value for money.
The absorbent composition is usable in particular for absorption of physiological fluids, as an addition in disposable articles of hygiene, notably for female hygiene, or as a dressing in the treatment of wounds. It is prepared from a superabsorbent and at least one oligosaccharide chosen from among disaccharides such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, cellobiose, monosaccharides such as glucose or fructose, higher sugars and glucose syrups.
The invention applies to all known superabsorbents, but significant results were obtained in particular with superabsorbents of the acrylate type.
The superabsorbent can be chosen from among a large class of compounds, such as inorganic (silicates, etc.) or organic compounds capable of absorbing and retaining liquid even when subject to moderate pressure. The organic compounds include, alginates, guar gum, agar, carrageen and other compounds extracted from natural products; cellulose derivatives including cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose (example: Akucell from Enka, Akzo/Holland), hydroxyethycelluloses, non
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Lerailler Eric
Pierre Michel
Thiriet Bernard
Wacquez Jean
Apley Richard J.
Beghin-Say S.A.
Breiner A. W.
Prebilic Paul
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