Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Processes – Requiring soil work
Patent
1987-04-24
1989-06-06
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Processes
Requiring soil work
52227, E04B 100
Patent
active
048359360
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a new means of carrying out the process for obtaining hollow structures, such as conduits, silos or shelters, and to such hollow structures.
To improve the structural rigidity of such a hollow structure once it has been assembled on site, it is judicious to subject it to poststress, i.e., stressing following assembly, in order to secure the various shells constituting the structure to one another more closely, improve the leak-proofing of the assembly and make it possible to do without abutments at the location of the bends.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The process according to the invention is defined in that, when a certain length of hollow structure comprised of several longitudinal sections placed end to end is assembled, these sections are arranged on longitudinal supports intended for preventing the friction of the ground from acting against the base of the structure, when the structure is subjected to a prestressing operation by means of cables or rods arranged longitudinally, with relative displacement of the sections of the hollow structure relative to the supports.
According to other particular features of the invention:
(a) The longitudinal supports consists of ballasting or anchoring blocks or of longitudinal laying beams,
(b) After the length of hollow structure has been subjected to stress, the longitudinal supports are fastened positively to the base of the structure, in particular as the result of the screwing of threaded members from the interior of the structured, (c) Moveable members are provided between longitudinal supports and the sections of the structure,
(d) The moveable members may consist of any suitable material or shape, such as round iron concrete reinforcing bars, greased metal members or plastic sliding sheets.
On the other hand, in some large-size conduits, where the ground is particularly unstable, it has become apparent that the joints between adjacent elements do not make it possible to give the structure sufficient flexibility in the transverse direction.
It was found that it was possible to increase this transverse flexibility by the use of prefabricated elements which have, in cross-section, at least one thinned portion oriented parallel to the axis of the hollow structure which gives them flexibility.
These elements can be made of concrete constructed with reinforcing iron bars grouped in at least one continuous layer in cross-section from one edge of the element to the other, a single continuous layer in cross-section is provided, this layer located approximately at the center of each thinned portion. The unthinned portions may or may not incorporate other reinforcing iron bars.
It will be seen that such elements have a certain flexibility in the transverse direction, but that their rigidity in the longitudinal direction is practically unaffected.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be revealed in the rest of the description given by the way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a length of the hollow structure which is placed on supports;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 1:
FIG. 3 is a sectional and perspective view of a prefabricated concrete element of conventional type; and
FIG. 4 is a similar view of a prefabricated element according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 illustrates, in a perspective view, a hollow structure of large cross-section, which is designated as a whole by SC, and which is composed of a plurality of sections, such as T1, T2, T3, themselves formed from several prefabricated elements designated by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 for the element T1.
To improve the rigidity and cohesion of the hollow structure and of its component sections, the following procedure according to the invention is adopted: After a certain length of hollow structure, comprised of several longitudinal sections T1, T2, T3 etc. placed end to end, has been assembled, this length of str
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patent: 1324744 (1919-12-01), Macdonald et al.
patent: 2341008 (1944-02-01), Yourkevitch
patent: 2344223 (1944-03-01), Upson et al.
patent: 2691291 (1954-10-01), Henderson
patent: 4159602 (1979-07-01), Polack
patent: 4622788 (1986-11-01), Paulsson et al.
patent: 4644978 (1987-02-01), Bonasso
"Spannbeton fur die Praxis", 2nd issue, Berlin, 1962, pp. 530-533, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn.
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