Measuring and testing – Navigation – Leeway incidence or side-slip
Patent
1986-09-09
1988-06-14
Ruehl, Charles A.
Measuring and testing
Navigation
Leeway incidence or side-slip
73180, 73182, G01W 104, G01C 2300
Patent
active
047503564
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for measuring the direction and force of gaseous or liquid flows, here called fluid flows for short, as well as to a probe which can be used in this method.
Many measuring instruments for measuring fluid flows and particularly wind measuring instruments are already known. The field of application for flow measuring instruments include all fields in which flows are of importance, for example meteorology, aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, wind tunnel measurements and so forth. Even if the measuring problems differ from each other in detail, the fundamental requirement of the flow measuring instrument is, nevertheless, that this measuring instrument should disturb the flow to be measured as little as possible. In addition, the existence of moving parts in a measuring device is undesirable since the moving parts usually produce particularly strong disturbances of the flow and are generally not free from inertia and hysteresis effects For this reason, problems previously occurred in this respect especially if the direction of a flow had to be measured. If, on the other hand, inertia or hysteresis effects at rotating parts on flow measuring instruments had to be reduced, the bearings of the rotating parts had to be improved which, in turn, led either to an increase in the weight of the measuring probe or made the measuring probe mechanically sensitive to jarring, shocks, vibrations and so forth. However, in rough operation on ships or in aircraft, neither heavy probes nor probes which are mechanically too sensitive can be used.
The present invention, therefore, has the object of creating a method for measuring gaseous or liquid flows, as well as a probe for use in this method, which can be used for measuring particularly the direction of the flow and possibly also the force of the flow and which is of light weight, has no moving parts and can be constructed in a stream-lined manner so that it causes little disturbance of the actual flow to be measured.
This object is achieved by a method for measuring the direction and force of gaseous or liquid flows wherein (a) two dynamic pressures are measured which are built up in two measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle and the difference or quotient of these dynamic pressures is determined and/or the difference of these dynamic pressures is measured directly, and the direction of the flow is determined from the difference or the quotient of said dynamic pressures, wherein the position of the two measuring chamber openings relatively to each other is fixed, the measuring chamber openings are rectangular-shaped or slot-shaped, and the normals to the measuring chamber openings in the centers thereof are positioned in one plane, and the measuring openings of the two chambers being effective as scoops for measuring dynamic pressure for the flow are not equal to each other all over the total measuring range, or (b) several dynamic pressures are measured which are built up in a plurality of measuring chambers under the influence of the flow at a certain free-stream angle, and from differences or quotients or quotients of differences of dynamic pressures or from absolutely or, under consideration of the relative positions of the measuring points relatively to another, vectorially added measured values of dynamic pressures or differences of dynamic pressures the direction and/or the force of the flow is determined by mathematically processing said measured values, the position of the measuring chamber openings relatively to another being fixed and the measuring chamber openings being rectangular-shaped or slot-shaped and directed each into different directions.
In the inventive method at least two measuring chambers are provided in which under the influence of the flow a dynamic pressure can be built up. The effective opening of a chamber being decisive for the dynamic pressure changes in dependency of the free-stream angle of the flow, and the measuring chambers are arranged such that the free-stream an
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patent: 3069906 (1962-12-01), Eiland Jr.
patent: 3520184 (1970-07-01), Tanner et al.
patent: 4522070 (1985-06-01), Hagen
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