Process for manufacturing nonwoven materials such as floor or wa

Details Process for manufacturing nonwoven materials such as floor or wa Process for manufacturing nonwoven materials such as floor or wa

1991-06-20

1993-01-12

Michl, Paul R.

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...

524313, 524322, 524914, 5253015, C08L 9100, C08K 514, C08J 324

Patent

active

051791498

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a process for the production of nonwoven materials such as floor or wall coverings, especially for the production of multicolored structured floor coverings and with broad use of natural initial materials. In this case, there are distinguished homogeneous coverings, which in their overall thickness exhibit the same formulation composition, and combination coverings, which consist of a combination of a wear-resistant upper useful layer and a, e.g., textile underlayer. For the quality of a floor coverings physical properties such as elasticity (flexural behavior) and abrasion resistance as just as essential as optical properties (pattern possibilities) and physiological harmlessness as well as "environmentally neutral" waste disposal.


PRIOR ART

The useful layers of known synthetic floor coverings in most cases consist of a mixture of fillers and binders, and especially PVC containing plasticizers, which have been generally accepted as binders (Ullmann, 4th edition, vol. 12, p. 23 ff). Especially homogeneous PVC coverings exhibit superior functional properties such as high abrasion resistance, good elasticity, little tendency to brittle failure, excellent bonding properties and weldability and in addition varied pattern possibilities. But because of the plasticizer and chlorine content PVC coverings are subjected to increasing criticism.
A floor covering which is produced from largely natural materials is linoleum. The process, which was developed a 100 years ago, so far has not substantially changed. Linseed oil or other oils such as rapeseed oil, colza oil, soybean oil, fish oil or tung oil, etc. in the presence of drying agents in the form of cobalt, manganese, lead and zinc compounds and of air is heated over a prolonged period of 10 or even more hours to a temperature between 100.degree. and 200.degree. C. and the linoxyn thus formed, with the addition of resins such as rosin and organic fillers such as cork flour and wood flour again at increased temperature over several hours is further oxidized to linoleum cement. The further processing of the linoleum cement by a calender and backing with a jute fabric is then followed by a protracted autoxidation process in constant temperature chambers at 60.degree. to 70.degree. and for 10 to 14 days. The process is very time-consuming, despite the use of process-accelerating heavy metal compounds.
Acceleration of the oxidation process of boiled linseed oil by oxygen-cleaving agents such as chlorinated lime, chromic acid or the like is known from DE-A-58 318. The use of these oxidizing agents is problematic for industrial use and leads to unsuitable products so that this process has not been put into practice.
Despite the extensive use of natural materials, linoleum is problematic in waste disposal because of the portion of heavy metals (0.5 to 2% by weight). Moreover, the physical properties such as elasticity, abrasion resistance and elongation at break are far inferior to those of the PVC covering. The brittleness of linoleum does not allow its processing to homogeneous coverings. Moreover, linoleum coverings cannot be produced in the variety of patterns as typical of PVC coverings.


OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to make available a process for the production of nonwoven materials such as floor or wall coverings that without the use of heavy metal or halogen compounds leads to coverings with high elasticity and elongation at break, little brittleness, good abrasion resistance and varied pattern possibilities. Especially the process is to make possible the extensive use of naturally obtained raw materials, without being dependent on a time-consuming process as is the case in linoleum production.


DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention achieves this object by the following process steps:
A mixture containing oil or other natural oils or their mixtures, between 500 and 7000, a dynamic viscosity (20.degree. C.) of greater than 0.5 [Pa.s] and an iodine number (Wijs) greater than 200 [g/100

REFERENCES:
patent: 2162924 (1939-06-01), Spitzili et al.
patent: 2330798 (1939-11-01), Chittick et al.
patent: 3873584 (1975-03-01), Burke, Jr. et al.
patent: 3875091 (1975-04-01), Tsugukuni et al.
patent: 3952023 (1976-04-01), Kaiya et al.
patent: 4093583 (1978-06-01), Apotheker
German Publication by Ullmann, 4th Edition, vol. 12, p. 23 ff.

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