Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Liquid composition
Patent
1995-01-06
1998-02-17
McGinty, Douglas J.
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Liquid composition
510337, 510339, 510435, 510477, 510535, C11D 1104, C11D 104, C11D 1700
Patent
active
057191166
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
Succinic acid and its salts are known ingredients of detergent compositions. They are used for their surface active and hydrotropic properties as well as calcium and magnesium binding capacity.
They are easily processed directly into a detergent liquid or slurry by in situ hydrolysis of the corresponding succinic anhydride, and subsequent neutralisation.
This hydrolysis typically requires a considerable excess of water and the presence of solvents (eg. lower alcohols), in an alkaline environment in order to make the hydrolysis reaction move rapidly to completion.
There is now a trend to more concentrated detergents containing very little water. As the water level is decreased in the hydrolysis step the rate of reaction decreases and undesirable side reactions between the anhydride and the solvents forming, for example esters, start to become significant.
Various prior art has dealt with detergent compositions containing succinic acid. These applications are in general, dilute.
GB-A-2 049 723, published Dec. 31, 1980, discloses a composition containing partly neutralised succinic acid with one of its salts such that the pH is in the range from 5.5 to 8.0. It describes liquid compositions containing 3%-50% by weight of the partly neutralised succinic acid.
EP 0 028 850, published May 5, 1981, discloses a .liquid detergent composition containing succinates and a low level of alkyl benzene sulphonate, for improved storage stability. The application mentions the neutralisation of the acid or anhydride in situ, but there is no mention of high active compositions.
GB 1 285 582, published Aug. 16, 1972, discloses a composition substantially containing 25-90% succinic acid, which may be derived from the anhydride, and 10-75% nonionic surfactant. There is no disclosure of a suitable process for making such compositions.
However, none of the prior art deals with the problem of making a highly concentrated solution of succinic acid which is suitable for further processing into a concentrated liquid detergent. There is a need for a process of hydrolysis of succinic anhydrides which can be carried out effectively in an environment in which very little water is present.
The present invention provides a new process for hydrolysis of the succinic anhydride to yield a solution of at least 85% by weight of partly neutralised succinic acid. The process can be carried out in situ, continuously or batch-wise, and offers a flexible process for making a concentrated liquid detergent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A process for making a concentrated liquid detergent composition which comprises ##STR1## where R is a C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 aklyl or C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 alkenyl moiety; X and Y are each independently H, Na, K, or alkanolamine, are: by weight in order to start an exothermic hydrolysis reaction
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a process for the hydrolysis of succinic anhydride to succinic acid in the presence of a small excess of water. The process takes place in the presence of an alkali which catalyses the reaction and partly neutralises the succinic acid. Firstly the succinic anhydride, water and alkali are intimately mixed, either by passing through static mixers, or, preferably, in a high shear mixer. The mixture is then stored in a buffer tank (which may be in-line in a continuous process) until the exothermic hydrolysis reaction is substantially completed. The resulting high active partly neutralised succinic acid may then be stored or transferred directly into a batch tank or continuous process for further processing to a concentrated liquid detergent.
Any succinic anhydride of the general formula: ##STR2## is suitable for use in the present invention. The choice of R will be made by the detergent formulator.
A particularly preferred chain is when: mixtures thereof.
Any suitable alkali may be used including sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, monoethanolamine and ammonia. Preferred are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The molar ratio of hydroxide present: hy
REFERENCES:
patent: 3579453 (1971-05-01), Dupre et al.
patent: 4277378 (1981-07-01), Tsujii et al.
patent: 4486338 (1984-12-01), Ootani et al.
patent: 4715980 (1987-12-01), Lopes et al.
patent: 4985177 (1991-01-01), Tosaka et al.
Lievens Luc Marie Willy
Vanweissenaers Noel Alfons-Gustaaf
Allen George W.
Hertzog Ardith
Jones Michael D.
McGinty Douglas J.
The Procter & Gamble & Company
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