Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Halogen containing
Patent
1995-06-15
1998-01-20
Ivy, C. Warren
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Halogen containing
570166, 570169, C07C 1707, C07C 17087
Patent
active
057103534
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 35 USC 371 National Stage filing of PCT/JP93/01787 published as WO94/13610 on Jun. 23, 1994.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for fluorinating a halogen-containing hydrocarbon. In particular, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a fluorine-containing compound by fluorinating a halogen-containing alkane or alkene with hydrogen fluoride.
BACKGROUND ART
The influence of fluoro- and chlorofluorocarbon gases on the global environment is a serious problem, and substitutes for them are required. As a molecular composition of the substitute fluorocarbon, it may be contemplated for a compound to have a molecular composition such that a chlorine atom or atoms of the chlorofluorocarbon is or are replaced with a fluorine atom or atoms. A candidate compound as a substitute fluorocarbon satisfying such condition has a larger fluorine content than the conventional compounds.
In a fluorination reaction to synthesize a molecule having a high fluorine content, the fluorination by a liquid phase reaction is not preferred, and the fluorination by a gas phase reaction is sought.
As a catalyst for the gas phase fluorination or an addition reaction of hydrogen fluoride, chromium oxide base and alumina base catalysts are known. As a catalyst for fluorination of a halogenated alkane or alkene, there is a chromium oxide catalyst (U.S. Pat. No. 3,258,500), an aluminum fluoride catalyst (U.S. Pat. No. 2,669,590), an alumina catalyst (GB Patent No. 1,357,246) or a partially fluorinated alumina catalyst (GB Patent No. 1,000,485).
Among them, the present invention relates to the alumina base catalyst. Alumina is widely known to be used as a carrier of a catalyst. In addition, a catalyst comprising activated alumina does not necessarily have a sufficient catalytic activity. Then, there have been developed modified catalysts such as a catalyst comprising a metal supported on alumina as a carrier (EP-A-0 331 991), a catalyst comprising a transition metal supported on basic aluminum fluoride or activated alumina (GB Patent No. 805,503 and WO 89/10341), and a ternary catalyst comprising aluminum (JP-A-60 6927). However, the sufficient activity is not necessarily achieved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for effectively preparing a fluorinated compound by developing a catalyst which is effective in the fluorination of a halogenated alkane or alkene with hydrogen fluoride by a gas phase fluorination or addition of hydrogen fluoride, respectively.
An aspect of the present invention resides in a process for fluorinating a halogenated hydrocarbon comprising fluorinating a halogenated alkane or alkene having 1 to 5 carbon atoms with hydrogen fluoride in a gas phase reaction or through addition of hydrogen fluoride, respectively, in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Zr, Mo, Ge, Sn and Pb, and alumina, aluminum fluoride or partially fluorinated alumina.
The present invention will be explained in detail.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the halogenated alkane to be used as a raw material in the present invention are CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, CH.sub.2 ClF, CF.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 H, CF.sub.3 CHClF, CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 Cl, CF.sub.2 ClCFCl.sub.2, CF.sub.3 CCl.sub.3, CF.sub.3 CFCl.sub.2, CF.sub.2 ClCF.sub.2 Cl, CCl.sub.3 CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CFCl.sub.2, CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 Cl, CCl.sub.4, CF.sub.2 HCF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl, and so on. Haloalkanes such as halobutane or halopentane may be used.
As the halogenated alkene, CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHCl, CCl.sub.2 .dbd.CClH, CCl.sub.2 .dbd.CC.sub.2, CF.sub.2 .dbd.CClH, CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFH, CCl.sub.2 .dbd.CClCCl .dbd.CCl.sub.2, and so on.
Among them, CF.sub.2 .dbd.CClH (hereinafter referred to as "HCFC1122") is obtained as a by-product in the production of CF.sub.3 CFH.sub.2 (hereinafter referred to as "HFC-134a") by the reaction of CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 Cl (hereinafter referred to as "HCFC-133a") with hydrogen fluoride. It
REFERENCES:
patent: 3183276 (1965-05-01), Vecchio
patent: 3413360 (1968-11-01), Gardner
patent: 3442962 (1969-05-01), Vecchio et al.
patent: 5171901 (1992-12-01), Gassen et al.
Momota Hiroshi
Shibanuma Takashi
Yamada Yasufu
Yoshimura Toshikazu
Daikin Industries Ltd.
Ivy C. Warren
Smith Lyman H.
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