Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dyeing process utilizing electric – magnetic – or wave energy;...
Patent
1994-12-02
1997-01-28
Einsmann, Margaret
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dyeing process utilizing electric, magnetic, or wave energy;...
811553, 8532, 8555, 8576, 8582, 8586, 8543, 8549, D06P 520, D06P 138
Patent
active
055973884
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for the fixation of dyes containing at least one polymerisable double bond on organic materials by irradiation with UV light in the presence of colourless polymerisable compounds and photoinitiators.
According to conventional methods, the fibre materials, for example woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, felt-like materials and others treated with the dyes are in practice in many cases subjected to a plurality of further operations in which the absorbed dye is usually fixed on the substrate by means of heat, using expensive steaming machines which take up a lot of space. The literature discloses dyeing methods which use nonionic colourless compounds containing at least one polymerisable double bond in dye application and effect the subsequent fixation of the dye by means of ionising electron beams.
These fixation methods still require fairly complicated equipment and furthermore leave something to be desired with respect to fixation yield, which has an adverse effect on the ecological balance.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for the fixation of dyes containing at least one polymerisable double bond.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a process for the dyeing or printing of organic material, in particular fibre material, which comprises applying dyes containing at least one polymerisable double bond together with at least one colourless cationic compound containing at least one polymerisable double bond and, if desired, one or more colourless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerisable double bond, and at least one photoinitiator, and, if desired, further auxiliaries to the organic material, in particular fibre material, and then fixing them by means of UV light. The process according to the invention is distinguished by high degrees of fixation and makes it possible to replace the steaming machines which require high costs and a lot of space by simple UV irradiation units. Compared with conventional methods, the use of fixing alkali can be omitted, so that complete fixation of the dye takes place without the need for subsequent rinsing or washing.
Suitable dyes are water-soluble and water-insoluble dyes carrying one polymerisable double bond. This polymerisable group can also be linked to the chromophore via a bridging member, for example a --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --group.
Water-soluble dyes are understood to mean in particular those containing chromophores having sulfo groups. Suitable water-insoluble dyes am disperse dyes having at least one polymerisable group and being soluble in the radiation-polymerisable binder.
Suitable polymerisable double bonds are vinyl, chlorovinyl, vinylsulfonyl, allyl, allylsulfonyl, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, haloacrylamide or styryl groups and derivatives of cinnamic acid.
Dyes suitable for this fixation process include those containing at least one activated unsaturated group, in particular an unsaturated aliphatic group, for example vinyl, halovinyl, styryl, acryloyl or methacryloyl, or at least one polymerisable ring system. Examples of such groups are unsaturated groups containing halogen atoms, such as halomaleoyl, halopropioloyl, .alpha.- or .beta.-bromo- or -chloroacryloyl, halogenareal vinylacetyl groups, halocrotonyl or halomethacryloyl. Furthermore, those groups which are easily converted, for example by elimination of hydrogen halide, into halogen-containing unsaturated groups, for example a dichloro- or dibromopropionyl group, are also suitable. Halogen atoms are here understood to mean fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms and also pseudohalogen atoms, for example a cyano group. The process according to the invention also gives good results with dyes containing .alpha.-bromoacryloyl. Suitable dyes containing a polymerisable double bond are preferably those containing at least one acryloyl, methacryloyl, .alpha.-bromoacryloyl, .alpha.-chloroacryloyl, vinyl or vinylsulfonyl radical; very particular preference is given to those conta
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Ciba-Geigy Corporation
Einsmann Margaret
Mansfield Kevin T.
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