Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Multiple chemically diverse fibers or fibers with different... – Polyester fiber and cellulose fiber
Patent
1991-08-05
1992-12-29
Clingman, A. Lionel
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Multiple chemically diverse fibers or fibers with different...
Polyester fiber and cellulose fiber
8524, 8526, 8527, 8533, 8550, 8582, 8609, D06P 161, D06P 382, D06P 387, C09B 6742
Patent
active
051747910
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
In the dyeing and printing of polyester/cellulose or polyester/wool blend fabrics, the polyester portion of the blend fabric is in general dyed or printed with disperse dyes and the cellulose or wool portion with reactive, direct, azoic, leuco vat ester, vat, sulphur vat or sulphur dyes.
Problems arise in this connection due to the portion of disperse dye which does not go completely on the polyester portion but remains on the cellulose or wool fibre, where it causes staining, which has an adverse effect on the brilliance of the dyeing and its fastness properties. The dye remaining there has a different, duller shade than that dissolved in the polyester fibre. This is particularly noticeable with light or brilliant dyeings. Owing to its lack of affinity for the cellulose or wool fibre, it also impairs the wash, rub and light fastness properties of the dyeing. This becomes evident for example in subsequent washes, for example in the household wash by the consumer, in that the disperse dye will bleed and stain differently coloured or even white adjacent fabrics. This is a particular problem with deep dyeings, where excess dye is required, with dyeings where the cellulose or wool portion is to remain undyed, and with prints where there are differently coloured printed or else printed and unprinted areas.
A further problem with the dyeing or printing of such blend materials is due to the dispersants used to prepare the disperse dyes or the dye preparations which contain disperse dyes as one ingredient. These, preferably anionic, dispersants are from their preparation light-brown or black products which have affinity for cellulose or wool and, readily go on said fibres, again causing dulling in particular in the case of light or brilliant dyeings.
This problem is in general sought to be overcome by washing the dyeings to remove the staining particles from the fabric. This wash is time- and cost-intensive Since the washing of the dyeing is carried out at temperatures close to the dyeing temperature, disperse dye passing into the wash liquor in the course of the treatment may cause irreversible staining of the polyester portion. If the subsequent clear is carried out reductively or oxidatively or if the dyeing of the cellulose portion is carried out in a reductive medium, the staining disperse dye is destroyed, possibly forming degradation products which in turn cause staining.
To avoid these problems, the patent literature contains proposals for the use of ionic or else nonionic polymeric auxiliaries in the course of dyeing or else in the course of the wash, described for examples in DE-A-3 446 922, DE-C-3 414 306, JP 47-39309, JP 49-117782, JP 49-117783 or JP 51-119886.
It has now been found, surprisingly, that the staining of the cellulose or wool portion by disperse dye preparations in the course of dyeing or printing polyester/cellulose or polyester/wool blend fabrics is prevented or else suppressed to a high degree if, in the dyeing or printing of the blend fabrics, the dyebaths, padding liquors or print pastes contain one or more compounds of the general formula I.
The present invention accordingly provides a process for dyeing and printing blend fabrics of polyester and natural fibre materials, which is characterized in that the dyebaths, padding liquors or print pastes contain one more more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where
R and R' are independently of each other hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may be substituted by chlorine, bromine or alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, allyl, methallyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl, crotyl, phenyl which is monosubstituted or disubstituted by chlorine, bromine, methyl, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
X.sup.5 is from 1 to 10, benzyl or COR", where R" may have one of the meanings of R but is independent therefrom,
D.sup.1 to D.sup.5 are each linear (C.sub.2 -C.sub.10)- or cyclic (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10)-alkylene units which are unsubstituted or substituted by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkoxy or
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Buhler Ulrich
Hofmann Klaus
Kruse Hubert
Kuhlwein Jurgen
Steckelberg Willi
Cassella Aktiengesellschaft
Clingman A. Lionel
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