Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Confined gas phase superatmospheric pressure dyeing process
Patent
1998-03-11
1999-09-28
Einsmann, Margaret
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Confined gas phase superatmospheric pressure dyeing process
8922, 81492, 8155, 8611, D06P 354, D06P 520
Patent
active
059580852
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention is directed to a method for the dyeing of a textile substrate in at least one supercritical fluid, preferably for the dyeing of yarn bobbins in supercritical carbon dioxide, with the characteristics of the generic part of patent claim 1.
In today's practice textile substrates are still dyed in aqueous systems, whereby the textile substrate to be correspondingly dyed is arranged within an autoclave where it is perfused, respectively superfused, with the aqueous liquor containing the at least one dye. Hereby this dyeing liquor is usually manufactured in that way that a concentrated aqueous dye solution, respectively dye dispersion, is firstly generated from the solid dye, whereby this concentrated dye solution, respectively dye dispersion, is subsequently diluted with the liquor existing in the autoclave. It is not possible to use a solid dye directly by avoiding the afore described concentrated dye solution, respectively dye dispersion, since this would inevitably cause the formation of color stains on the textile substrate as a consequence of non-solved or non-dispersed dyes.
A method for the dyeing of a textile substrate in at least one supercritical fluid with the characteristics of the generic part of patent claim 1 was recently developed. In this new dyeing method a supercritical fluid containing the at least one dye is used as dyeing liquor, whereby the textile substrate to be correspondingly dyed is then perfused, respectively superfused, with this supercritical dyeing liquor. In order to terminate the dyeing a pressure decrease or a temperature decrease is carried out, as this is described in detail in the DE-OS 39 06 724.
Further details about how the dye is introduced into the supercritical fluid are not described in the DE-OS 39 06 724.
In addition to the afore mentioned DE-OS 39 06 724, another publication in "Chemiefaser/Textilindustrie", 41./93. year, February 1991, with the title "Farbung von Polyester in uberkritischem CO.sub.2 " is to be mentioned in which a laboratory device for the dyeing of a textile substrate in supercritical carbon dioxide is shown. Hereby this laboratory device comprises an autoclave for taking up the textile substrate to be dyed, whereby for the laboratory dyeing described therein the used solid dye is arranged at the bottom of the autoclave where it is continuously stirred which causes the fact that the dye is abundant in the autoclave, so that during the stirring a saturated fluid phase emerges.
The afore described known technique of introducing the at least one dye into the supercritical fluid might certainly be realisable in the laboratory standard, but it cannot be used in a large dimensioned technical use of the dyeing method in supercritical fluids described in this publication, since hereby the afore described color stains on the textile substrate known from the aqueous dyeing would also occur.
The present invention has the object to dispose a method for the dyeing of a textile substrate in at least one supercritical fluid of the indicated kind by which the textile substrate to be correspondingly dyed can be dyed in a particularly safe and trouble-free manner.
This object is realised according to the invention by a method with the characterising clauses of patent claim 1.
The inventive method for the dyeing of a textile substrate in at least one supercritical fluid, preferably for the dyeing of yarn bobbins in supercritical carbon dioxide, provides that the textile substrate is arranged within an autoclave where it is perfused, respectively superfused, with the supercritical fluid containing at least one dye. Hereby the supercritical fluid is brought into contact with the at least one dye as dye bulk, as dye melt, as dye solution and/or as dye dispersion under the formation of a stable solution of the dye, without causing the precipitation of the originally solved dye from the solution or without causing the formation of dye agglomerates in the solution, the dye agglomerates having a particle size of more than 30 .mu.m, preferably of mor
REFERENCES:
patent: 5199956 (1993-04-01), Schlenker et al.
patent: 5269815 (1993-12-01), Schlenker et al.
"Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Finishing Process," D. Knittel, W. Saus, E. Schollmeyer, Journal of the Textile Institute, (No month 1993) No. 4, pp. 534-552.
"Activite ennoblissment," L'Industrie Textile, No. 1233, p. 58 (Jun. 1992).
Eggers Rudolf
Huber Richard
von Schnitzler Joachim
Worner Gottlob
Amann & Sohne GmbH & Co.
Einsmann Margaret
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