Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1994-05-26
1997-11-04
Kriess, Kevin A.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
395683, 395684, 364280, 3642813, 3642821, G06F 944
Patent
active
056849559
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a process for adapting an object-oriented application so that the latter can be distributed over a plurality of operating system processes.
2. Description of the Related Art
Object-oriented applications can be realized by means of object-oriented programming. An object-oriented system comprises not only functions or procedures which call each other up, for instance in the case of programming with the programming languages Fortran, Pascal and C, but objects are also provided which communicate with one another by exchanging messages. An example of an object-oriented programming language is the programming language C++ which was developed by extending the wide-spread programming language C. Classes of objects are declared by means of type definitions in the programming language C++. The objects are assumed to be variables of a class type and are referred to as instances of the class. Each object has instance variables as a set of data. It is only possible to access the instance variables by means of specific functions defined in the respective class definition. These access functions assigned to the class are termed methods of the class. In the programming language C++, the sending of a message to an object is equivalent to calling up a method for this object. The programming language C++ supports the inheritance of classes. The instance variables and the methods of a class can be assumed by a derived class by means of inheritance. Methods of the base class can be declared with the keyword virtual so that these methods can be redefined in a derived class. Objects can be referenced by pointers, and can also be generated dynamically, so that it is only possible to decide at runtime which implementation of a method will actually be executed. In the programming language C++ applications are limited to exactly one process within the meaning of the operating system. In a real application problems can arise if the application exceeds a certain size since operating system processes can only have a limited size. The size of a C++ application is therefore also limited without additional measures. Some application areas, in particular automation engineering and telecommunications, have requirements which necessitate the application being distributed over a plurality of independent, separately executable and loadable operating system processes. Such a distribution over a plurality of operating system processes, that is to say no lightweight processes, cannot be formulated with the language facilities of C++ alone. Such a distribution of an application over a plurality of operating system processes requires a considerable extension of the functionality, in that mechanisms of the operating system which establish the communication between the operating system processes are to be used. It is conceivable for the programmer explicitly to insert calls in the application for inter-process communication (IPC), and also for separate IPC classes to be used. In this case, the software producer must program the IPC mechanisms himself. The distribution of the application over the individual operating system processes is permanently encoded in the source program. If it becomes necessary to change the process distribution, the programmer must modify the source programs and compile them again.
A communication process is known from the publication "Implementing Remote procedure Calls" by A.D. Birrel et al in the "ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, Vol. 2, February 1984, New York, USA, pages 39-59", which process enables programs written in a high-level language to communicate within a network. This is accomplished here by implementing remote procedure calls (RPC) that make use of a stub concept.
Five software parts are involved in a remote call here: The user, the user stub, the RPC communication packet, the server stub and the server. The user, the user stub and part of the communication packet is executed on the calling machine; the server, the server stu
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Bess Rudiger
Hubmann Hans-Jurgen
Kneissl Franz
Meyer Walter
Rothe Oliver
Banankhah Majid A.
Kriess Kevin A.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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