Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products – Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
Patent
1996-10-24
1998-12-22
Phasge, Arun S.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
204525, 204530, 204529, B01D 6144
Patent
active
058513728
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/FR95/00595 filed May 9, 1995.
The invention relates to a process for demineralizing a liquid containing organic substances in solution.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In numerous sectors of the food industry there exist liquid products or effluents which contain, in solution, both inorganic salts and organic substances such as proteins, sugars, organic acids and salts thereof, amino acids, . . . .
The organic matter constitutes the fraction of such liquids that has value, while the inorganic salts constitute the unwanted fraction that needs to be extracted.
Extracting such salts, or demineralizing, is not difficult theoretically speaking or in laboratory conditions. However, industrial installations implementing the same principles must also satisfy economic requirements and comply with outside constraints such as respect for the environment and regulations concerning pollution.
Of known techniques for demineralizing such liquids, mention may be made of using ion-exchange resins (cationic or anionic), precipitation (by heat, by alkalinization, . . . ), insolubization (e.g. proteins and lactose with methyl alcohol), dialysis, electrodialysis, filtering through membranes provided for this purpose and making use of physical and osmotic equilibria, . . .
An industrial process necessarily makes use of several such techniques with their respective advantages and drawbacks which constitute selection criteria depending on whether such and such aspect of production is to be advantaged to the detriment of such and such another aspect, giving rise in any event to some particular economic outcome.
By way of illustration, it may be mentioned, for example, that the technique of ion exchange on resins enables a very high degree of demineralization to be obtained, but generates waste that is extremely polluting, causes non-negligible losses of organic matter, and consumes large amounts of reagents and of water.
Electrodialysis of a liquid containing organic matter can provide only partial demineralization, mainly of monovalent salts, and that leads to numerous drawbacks if the liquid to be treated has alkaline-earth metals (calcium, magnesium, . . . ). These are associated with organic matter and constitute a membrane-clogging factor which, in association with the fact that electric charges are reduced in number because of the demineralization, increases the electrical resistance of the system and thus increases its power consumption. Also, this process consumes a great deal of water and requires frequent cleaning. Each cleaning operation requires product to be removed using water, thus diluting it and/or losing treated products. In some cases, it also requires hydraulic and electrical reversals to unclog the membranes.
An installation suitable for implementing successive demineralization and cleaning cycles is complicated with numerous valves, pumps, and pipes.
Filtering, and in particular nanofiltering, uses special membranes which are particularly effective with respect to monovalent ions. Because of osmotic equilibria, demineralization performed by this simple-to-implement technique is limited to 30%-35% of the salts originally present in the liquid to be treated.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a demineralization process, in which: build an installation that is simple, thereby providing savings in investment, reducing operating costs, and obtaining a product of a quality that is much better than products presently on the market (demineralized at best to 70%-80%).
To this end, the invention provides a process for demineralizing a liquid containing organic matter and inorganic salts in solution, in which treatment of the liquid comprises the following steps: ions from that liquid are caused to circulate round loops through at least one "two-compartment" electrodialyzer comprising a plurality of anionic membranes interposed between a plurality of cationic membranes; and (g/l) to 140 g/l is used to regenerate the ion exchange resin.
By means of this simple
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patent: 3637480 (1972-01-01), Passino
patent: 3715287 (1973-02-01), Johnson
patent: 3781174 (1973-12-01), Nishijima et al.
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patent: 5084285 (1992-01-01), Shimatani
Database WPI Week 8017 Derwent Publications Ltd. London GB; AN 80-30494C & Chemical Abstracts vol. 95. No.17 26 Oct. 1981 Columbus Ohio US; abstract No. 148835b, B.M. Ennis The Effect of the Replacement of Calcium with Sodium on the Demineralization of Deprot. Acid Whey by Electrodialysis p. 509 colonne 1.
N.Z.J. Dairy Sci. Technol vol. 16 No. 2 1981 pp. 167-178 Ennis (no date).
Costellia Jeffrey L.
Ferguson Jr. Gerald J.
Phasge Arun S,.
Societe Anonyme Francaise D'Ingenierie et de Recherche
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