Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation – From synthetic resin or rubber
Patent
1996-08-26
1999-01-05
Yildirim, Bekir L.
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Production of hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation
From synthetic resin or rubber
585950, 201 25, 201 25, 202118, 422189, 422193, 196107, 196110, 208 72, C07C 100, C10G 100, C10B 710, C10B 3500
Patent
active
058565990
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a technique of preparing oil by thermally decomposing waste plastics, and more particularly to a technique of efficiently preparing an oil product having a composition highly suitable as a fuel oil for industrial burners etc.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Although various ideas and modes of apparatus have been proposed to prepare oil from waste plastics, it is a matter of fact that none of them have been operationally practicable.
By way of example, there is a technique of applying the mechanism of an extrusion molding machine, the technique comprising continuously conducting thermal decomposition of waste plastics into oil under heat while continuously carrying them by a continuous carrying means like a screw conveyer which Is characteristic of the extrusion molding machine. In applying the mechanism of the extrusion molding machine, the extrusion molding machine, being a highly established technology, has been highly expected that a resultant machine in a compact form will have a relatively large throughput, and will permit continuous automatic processing. Therefore, many researches and developments have been conducted all over the world, but no machine has been yet put into practice as mentioned before.
One of the major reasons why the conventional technology of preparing oil including the method of extrusion molding is the evolution of a large quantity of carbon in the decomposition process. Carbon generated in large quantity will attach to the inner wall of a decomposition reactor and thereby inhibits heat transfer and renders a stable control of the decomposition reaction difficult. As a result, recovered products having a desired composition cannot be efficiently obtained. Furthermore, since a great deal of efforts and time are required and the reaction processes become increasingly dangerous, many supervisory personnel are required. As a result, the machine will be economically poor and, therefore, cannot be operated as a practical machine.
In addition, insufficient controllability of the recovered products is also an obstacle to practical use. Although the recovered products preferably has a constituent composition suitable as a fuel oil for industrial burners etc., the recovered products by conventional techniques have a reduced quality due to contamination of carbon, or not suitable as a fuel oil due to contamination of too much gasoline derived from over-decomposition. It is, therefore, impossible to enhance the added value for practical operation of a system, and thus the recovered products cannot be applied for the operation of a practical system.
In order to prevent evolution of carbon and to control the composition of the recovered products which are required for realizing practical operation of preparing oil, exact knowledge on the mechanism of polymer decomposition and carbon evolution and proper countermeasures based on the information should be required. In this regard, however, the conventional technologies have been insufficient, and they can neither effectively prevent the evolution of carbon nor effectively control the composition of the recovered products.
From the above standpoint, the inventor conducted a thorough research and analysis on the mechanism of polymer decomposition and carbon evolution, and obtained the following findings. First, the decomposition of a polymer into oil was found to take place in the following processes: the solid material is melt and liquefied, which is then heated in the liquefied state to decompose the higher structure of the polymer to a lower structure, and then at this state decomposition starts for the first time, which causes the evolution of gasified components having different molecular weights depending on different decomposition temperatures, and the gasified components is cooled to yield a recovered product having a fixed composition. The composition of the recovered product is most significantly affected by the control of the heating temperature and the decomposition reaction in the liqui
REFERENCES:
patent: 3947256 (1976-03-01), Tsukagoshi et al.
patent: 4235676 (1980-11-01), Chambers
patent: 4350663 (1982-09-01), MacAlister
patent: 5639937 (1997-06-01), Hover et al.
Kuroki Takeshi
Nippo Ltd.
Yildirim Bekir L.
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