Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Modifying or removing component of normally gaseous mixture – Nitrogen or nitrogenous component
Patent
1986-01-09
1988-05-03
Heller, Gregory A.
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Modifying or removing component of normally gaseous mixture
Nitrogen or nitrogenous component
423235, 423242, 423244, B01J 800, C01B 1700
Patent
active
047418893
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for decreasing the noxious substance content of flue gases, in particular for desulphurizing flue gases, with the aid of an adsorber and a regenerator of which at least one is of shaft-shaped design and through which activated coke beds are passed which each successively travel through the adsorber and the regenerator, the flue gas being passed through the bed in the adsorber for charging the activated coke with noxious substances, while the bed is heated in the regenerator with inert gas and the adsorbed substances are vaporized and passed onward for further treatment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Besides wet processes for cleaning flue gases from power plants, refuse incineration plants and the like and in order to avoid the disadvantages which have to be considered in this context, such as high energy requirements and resulting chemically highly polluted waste water, processes of the type referred to in the field of the invention have become known in which the treatment of the flue gases proceeds in a dry state and wherein during the recovery of substances removed from the flue gases an at least partial treatment takes place wherein liquids are used.
In this context the BF process for flue gas desulphurizing and NO reduction is known (Article by K. Knoblauch in "Erzmetall 33" (1980) No. 2, Page 109 to (114) and operates as described in the Field of the Invention and in which activated coke beds are conveyed in circulation through an adsorber in the form of a ring silo reactor and a moving bed reactor similarly of shaft-like construction. In that case transverse flow through the material takes place in the ring silo reactor, while in the moving bed reactor there is merely a mixing of the activated coke with hot sand followed, after this mixture has passed through the reactor, by a re-separation into sand and activated coke. The enriched gas which is formed in the reactor during such regeneration of the activated coke is withdrawn and by further treatment re-usable sulphur products such as elemental sulphur, sulphuric acid or liquid SO.sub.2 are recovered therefrom by further treatment.
It has also become known (brochure of the West German firm Uhde: "Plant for flue gas purification") to retain the above described adsorber in the form of a ring silo reactor and to use a regenerator or desorber designed as a fluidized bed chute followed by a cooler similarly in the form of a fluidised bed chute. In the regenerator in the form of a fluidized bed chute the coke bed contained in this fluidized bed is subjected to a flow therethrough of a heated inert gas, the enriched gas formed by the desorption being withdrawn.
In this process, moreover, the flue gas treatment in the adsorber is effected in the temperature range of 100.degree. to 150.degree. C. without cooling of the flue gases, while the activated coke bed in the regenerator must be heated to temperatures of 500.degree. to 650.degree. C. either with the aid of the aforementioned hot sand or by appropriately heated inert gases, in order to bring about the desorption and the formation of the enriched gas.
In both aforesaid processes it is possible to decompose at least partly catalytically the nitrous oxide present in the flue gas by the addition of certain amounts of NH.sub.3 prior to or during the treatment of the flue gases, to remove these noxious substances at least partly from the flue gas.
The known processes require comparatively large amounts of activated coke in order to attain the required intensive and adequately long contact of the gases with the surface of the activated coke particles during the flow of the gases through the bed. In spite of the large amounts of activated coke a uniformity of treatment of the relatively large gas throughputs traversing the bed cannot be attained. In part this is due to fact that the flow paths of the gases through the bed are relatively short even where large quantities of activated coke are involved and because mechanical irregularities in the bed cannot be compensated for
REFERENCES:
patent: 2780310 (1957-02-01), Schaub
patent: 3389536 (1968-06-01), Bull
patent: 3862295 (1975-01-01), Tolles
"Industrial Adsorption of Gases & Vapors" by: Sepionova; Published by: Ministry of Higher and Intermediate Special Education (for students of Technological Processes in Chemistry)--1969.
Chem. Ing.-Techn 55 (1983) No. 2, S.87-93.
Laurien Hanno
Reye Hans
Ritter Jurgen
Sundermann Erich
Dubno Herbert
Heller Gregory A.
Perfluktiv Technik AG
Ross Karl F.
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