Classifying – separating – and assorting solids – Fluid suspension – Liquid
Patent
1993-11-29
1995-08-15
Lithgow, Thomas M.
Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
Fluid suspension
Liquid
252 61, 241 20, 241 24, B03D 102, B03D 1012
Patent
active
054411564
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a process for recovering minerals from non-sulfidic ores by flotation, in which process detergent mixtures containing salts of sulfonated unsaturated fatty acids and sulfonated unsaturated fatty acid glycerol esters, optionally in admixture with other anionic and/or nonionic surfactants, are used as collectors.
STATEMENT OF RELATED ART
Flotation is a separation technique commonly used in the refining of mineral ores for separating valuable minerals from the gangue. Normally, the ore is first size-reduced, dry-ground, but preferably wet-ground and suspended in water. A collector is then normally added, often in conjunction with other reagents, including frothers, regulators, depressors (deactivaters) and/or activators, in order to support separation of the valuable minerals from unwanted gangue minerals of the ore in the subsequent flotation process. These reagents am normally allowed to act on the finely ground ore for a certain time (conditioning) before air is blown into the suspension to produce a froth on its surface and to start the flotation process. The collector hydrophobicizes the surface of the minerals so that they adhere to the gas bubbles formed during the activation step. The mineral constituents are selectively hydrophobicized so that the unwanted constituents of the ore do not adhere to the gas bubbles and remain behind while the mineral-containing froth is stripped off and further processed. In the opposite case, so-called indirect flotation, the gangue is removed by flotation while the valuable mineral remains behind. The object of flotation is to recover the valuable mineral of the ores in as a high yield as possible while at the same time obtaining a high enrichment level of the valuable mineral.
Anionic or cationic surfactants are predominantly used as collectors in the flotation-based refining of ores. The function of these collectors is to adsorb as selectively as possible on the surface of the valuable minerals or the gangue in order to ensure a high enrichment level in the flotation concentrate. In addition, the collectors are intended to develop a buoyant, but not overly stable, flotation froth.
In many cases, however, the collectors typically used in the flotation of non-sulfidic ores, particularly iron ores, such as for example fatty acids, alkyl sulfosuccinates [Aufbereitungstechnik [English translation: Refining Technology], 26, 632 (1985)] or oleyl sulfates [DE-OS 1 029 761], do not provide a satisfactory flotation result when used in economically acceptable quantities. In addition, where oleic sulfonate--known from the Russian documents Deposited Doc. (1975), VINITY 732 (reported in Chem. Abstr. Vol. 86:173427v) and Deposited Doc. (1982) SPSTL, 275 (reported in Chem. Abstr. Vol. 101:9527p)--is used as collector, there is the disadvantage of excessive frothing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Object and Summary of the Invention
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide collector systems which would be free from the disadvantages mentioned above. The present invention relates to a process for recovering minerals from non-sulfidic ores by flotation, in which crushed ore is mixed with water to form a suspension, air is introduced into the suspension in the presence of a reagent system and the froth formed is separated off together with the floated solids present therein, and in which the collectors used are detergent mixtures containing: to formula (I): 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 double bonds, and corresponding to formula (II): ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 C(O) is a linear or branched aliphatic acyl radical containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 double bonds and R.sup.3 C(O) and R.sup.4 C(O) independently of one another represent a linear or branched aliphatic acyl radical containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 to 5 double bonds,
It has surprisingly been found that the detergent mixtures according to the invention produce very little foam in the flotation of non-sulfidic ores so
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Fabry Bernd
Koester Rita
Mueller Heinz
Raths Hans-Christian
Wangemann Frank
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lithgow Thomas M.
Span Patrick J.
Wisdom, Jr. Norvell E.
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