Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Processes – Of weather control or modification
Patent
1987-06-09
1988-02-23
Kashnikow, Andres
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Processes
Of weather control or modification
239 141, 252194, A01G 1500, C09K 300
Patent
active
047265175
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The principal patent application No. P 32 47 607.8 concerns a process for the elimination of fog from the atmosphere by spraying a reagent into the atmosphere rendered turbid by fog. The treatment is effected by the spraying of a substance, preferably calcium carbide in a fine distribution, whereby the substance cleaves off a gaseous reaction product with the water droplets forming the fog turbidity in an exothermic reaction. In order to insure long term freedom from fog, in one form of embodiment of the invention according to the principal patent, the substance may contain one or more substances capable of binding water in an exothermic reaction by means of hydrolysis and/or hydration, for example, sodium sulfate, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium carbonate, barium oxide, silicon chloride and the like, which are free of water of crystallization.
The process according to the principal patent has fully proved its value. However, the free spraying of solid or liquid reaction products (for example, if calcium carbide is used, a substance forming limestone) is seen as a disadvantage in cases wherein the area being treated is a terrain that cannot be kept free of persons or equipment during the spraying period, or only with great difficulty. This may be the case, for example, with road crossings inside and outside of cities, airport approach areas, access roads to ports, stadiums and similar smaller defined areas.
The object of the present invention is to provide a process and an apparatus whereby, while based on the process of the principal patent, the elimination of fog, and optionally its prevention, becomes possible without the creation of residues. The invention consists of the following: the air present in the defined area is suctioned off and returned continuously in a closed circulation loop; which air is conducted on its circulating path through a vessel containing the substance and its humidity extracted down to a value located below its saturation limit.
The invention provides a process whereby a longer lasting (if necessary, unlimited) preventive freedom from fog in defined areas may be obtained at a low cost, without reagents being sprayed into the air and consequently no undesirable reaction products being emitted into the atmosphere. In view of the immediate recycling of the air in equal volumes, no reduced pressures are created to cause the refogging of the area being treated from the environment. In contrast, as a result of the increase in volume due to the exothermic reaction, a displacement of the fog-laden atmosphere into areas outside the section being treated takes place. The defogging or the preventive effect is further enhanced by the heating of the air by the exothermic reaction. The resultant increase in volume decreases the relative humidity of the air disproportionally. This significantly increases the ability of the air to absorb water, which accelerates the removal of the fog and further improves the preventive effect by countering the generation of foggy turbidities.
To remove fog already formed, the treatment is effected advantageously by means of a metal carbide, preferably calcium carbide, over which the air is conducted in a reaction vessel. The reaction vessel may contain as an additive an organic substance containing nitrogen and hydrogen, for example, an azane, diazane, triazane, or tetraazane, an azene, diazene, triazene or tetraazene, a triazdiene or tetraazdiene, also azo- or diazomethane, formic acid, methylhadrazine, oxalic acid, dimethylperoxide, in their pure form or as salts. To remove relative atmospheric humidity and thus prevent the fogging of an area, the treatment is effected advantageously by means of a substance binding water by hydrolysis or hydration, preferably sodium sulfate, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium carbonate, barium oxide, silicon chloride or the like, said substances being free of water of crystallization. Obviously, a mixture of two substances may also be used. It may contain substances binding water by hydrolysis or hydration in amounts of up to 85%
REFERENCES:
patent: 2052626 (1936-09-01), Houghton, Jr.
patent: 2176851 (1939-10-01), Brewer et al.
patent: 2700537 (1955-01-01), Pennington
patent: 3766079 (1973-10-01), Jackman
patent: 4402862 (1983-09-01), Clark
Letter to Commissioner of Patents from Edmond Jefferay, made available for public inspection, 8/18/1975.
Burkhart Patrick N.
Kashnikow Andres
Koch Robert J.
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