Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment – Containment – Solidification – vitrification – or cementation
Patent
1994-10-31
1998-03-03
Suchfield, George A.
Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
Containment
Solidification, vitrification, or cementation
588258, 588900, B09B 300
Patent
active
057229279
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process and an installation for producing materials for heat, sound, vibration, and radiation damping, minerally bonded blocks with non-brittle behavior under compressive and bending stress in the form of breeze concrete floors, insulating panels, perforated parking panels, hollow blocks, breeze concrete panels for compartmentizing framework structures, shock-loaded intermediate layers in highway and railroad beds, protective layers for geotextiles or sealing films in earthworks, and beds with heat, sound, vibration, and/or nuclear-radiation-damping requirements.
This material, whose properties have been modified, contains as the carrier material a considerable amount of comminuted unsorted materials and comminuted worn-out products or remnants from the textile, leather, and artificial leather industries. Depending on the application, minerally bonded materials in the form of dust, ash, and/or sludge as well as biologically toxic materials can be added to this material depending on the application, but must be subjected to treatment to inertize them in the material that is produced.
The process is especially environmentally beneficial thanks to the utilization of remnants and waste materials as well as worn-out products from the textile, leather, and artificial leather industries, and also in particular by the processing of nonmetallic components from automobile recycling as well as dust, ash, and sludge from waste treatment facilities.
The method also allows utilization of empty containers which the law requires to be returned, made of paper, cardboard, plastic, and laminated materials from commercial enterprises. This process also helps the environment by saving on natural resources such as sand, gravel, and stone chips as well as by reducing the amounts used of mineral binders and setting accelerators.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The known technical solutions for utilization of comminuted nonmetallic industrial and household waste as fillers or raw materials use as the starting material for example 40 to 60 wt. % of textile fibers, synthetic resin based binders, for example for the manufacture of artificial stone (WO 89/11457), for insulating material made of melamine resin fiber mats (DE 3147308), or insulating panels made of urea-formaldehyde resin (DD 235291). Other methods are aimed at bonding comminuted fibrous materials by gluing with addition of thermoplastic fibers and exposure to the action of heat and pressure (DD 209772, DD 259819), or gluing the fibers together with addition of glue and reaction promoters (DE 3641464).
Such processes and the corresponding production facilities have a high energy requirement and are very expensive. Hence they do not constitute an economical alternative to processing the large amounts of organic fillers and raw materials that accumulate.
To improve the properties of cellulose-fiber-reinforced inorganic molded bodies, systems for steam curing for aftertreatment are also known (DE 3734729). Thermal aftertreatments are also used for manufacturing lightweight construction additives from finely comminuted waste, whereby, by sintering in a combustion process, cellular structures are produced by reacting organic components in sintered pellets with a closed outer skin (DE 3404750) or in which the conversion of solid wastes with at least 30 wt. % cellulose content, for example household waste, takes place in the presence of burnt lime with a sudden increase in temperature from less than 100.degree. C. to a temperature that is at least equal to 250.degree. C., into solid, inert, water-insoluble materials (DD 247891). Fired fillers made of expanded clay aggregate are also produced at temperatures above 1200.degree. C.
These methods for manufacturing pretreated fillers involve high technical and technological expense, which makes such waste utilization for the organic materials that accumulate in industrial operations and homes uneconomical.
Other processes use mechanical anchoring in the basic matrix of concrete to bo
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Fuchs Helmut
Markert Frieder
Environmental Technologies (Europe) Limited
Suchfield George A.
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