Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Treatment by living organism
Patent
1998-05-01
2000-09-05
Upton, Christopher
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Treatment by living organism
210621, 210630, 210631, 2101952, 210202, 2102572, C02F 330, C02F 172
Patent
active
061137871
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method for the preparation of water, in particular of condensate and/or seepage water, from a biological degradation process, and to an apparatus for the performance of such a process.
The biological degradation process can be performed in a closed and/or open fermentation system. In particular, it is a composting, preferably a composting of waste or waste materials containing organic constituents. The composting may be performed in a closed container with induced ventilation. The biological degradation process may be a biological stabilization process in which materials, particularly waste, are biologically stabilized in a closed container with induced ventilation. The biological degradation process may, however, also be the rotting process of an after-rotting clamp.
A method is known from DE-OS 44 12 890 to purify water, in particular condensate from a composting process, in which the water is purified in a bioreactor. The condensate from the composting process is first subjected to biological purification by an oxygen feed in a high-performance biology. Subsequently, the newly created biomass and the permeate are separated by ultrafiltration of the water held in the circuit. However, in certain application cases, this procedure can lead to the permeate from the seepage water being laden with a relatively high COD contamination and taking a relatively high nitrogen freight along with it. Furthermore, in the known prior method, a certain effort for the measuring technology is required.
The object of the invention is to simplify and improve a method of the type first given.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This object is solved in accordance with the invention by the water being alternately put into aerobic and anaerobic states. In this way, noxious materials, in particular compounds of nitrogen, are simply and effectively degraded.
In accordance with the invention, the metabolic products, in particular the condensable metabolic products released in the biological degradation process as a consequence of the biological metabolism are eliminated from the off-gas flow of the biological degradation process in particular by condensation. The metabolic products are fed to a water treatment plant in which the water is alternately put into aerobic and anaerobic states. The special feature of the metabolic products or of the condensable metabolic products (condensation products) comprises compounds of nitrogen being liberated due to the high heat content of the biologically formed water and as a consequence of the CO.sub.2 with the varying pH dissolved in it which must be prepared in an environmentally neutral manner. This is achieved in accordance with the invention by the biological purification being performed in an oxically/anoxically intermittent operation with nitrogen being released elementally by nitrification and denitrification and being able to be lead into the atmosphere.
Advantageous embodiments are described herein.
It is advantageous if first compounds in the water which are difficult to degrade are destroyed by catalytic cracking or an oxidation process and if subsequently the water is alternately put into aerobic and anaerobic states. The catalytic cracking or oxidation process can be done by ozonization. However, other measures are also possible such as treatment with H.sub.2 O.sub.2 (hydrogen peroxide) and/or radiation with UV rays.
It is advantageous to have a subsequent ultrafiltration and/or nano-filtration. The water is thus preferably ultrafiltered or nano-filtered after it has been put into aerobic and anaerobic states. Thanks to the ultrafiltration, the constituents contaminating the permeate causing COD and BOD can again be fed to the "biology", that is the reaction tank in which the water is alternately put into aerobic and anaerobic states. By means of a nano-filtration situated after the ultrafiltration, this effect can be achieved even more intensively. Thanks to the return of the permeate constituents, the pollutants remain longer in
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Bender Heiko
Czermak Peter
Herhof Umwelttechnik GmbH
Upton Christopher
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