Thermal measuring and testing – Temperature measurement – By electrical or magnetic heat sensor
Patent
1996-08-22
1998-06-30
Gutierrez, Diego F. F.
Thermal measuring and testing
Temperature measurement
By electrical or magnetic heat sensor
374166, 374 29, 374 30, G01K 704, G01K 1700, G01K 306
Patent
active
057723290
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the measurement of interfacial flux and temperatures of two media, namely solid/solid or solid/liquid or solid/gas.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The direct measurement at the interface is often delicate, even impossible, like that within the internal medium. Generally an evaluation is carried out which is less pertinent as the detector, generally constituted by thermoelectric couples, is implanted in the wall at a relatively great distance from the interface. If rapid changes in the physical phenomenon to be analyzed or to be inspected take place, such an arrangement of the detector leads to gathering only imprecise information, the high frequency components of the measurement being filtered and the latter being moreover delayed relative to the phenomenon. In other cases, the protection which must be provided to bring the detector adjacent the phenomenon disturbs it locally. A large systematic error can be introduced. As flux measurements are often made with the assistance of at least two thermocouples implanted along a same normal isotherm curve, the problems are multiplied.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a process and device for measurement incorporating detectors which modify neither the geometry of the interface nor its contact with the medium and permit the identification of rapid variations of heat flux.
To this end, the invention has for its first object a process for measurement of flux and temperatures at the interface of two media, such as solid/solid or solid/liquid or solid/gas by means of at least one thermocouple, characterized in that there is provided in the solid wall traversed by the heat flux a cut opening onto the interface of said wall with the other medium, said cut being parallel to said flux at the corresponding point of the interface, there is disposed at least one microthermocouple in a plane of said cut immediately adjacent said interface and, in the case of a flux measurement, at least one other microthermocouple in said plane at a predetermined distance from the interfacial microthermocouple and said cut is tightly covered by the material of said solid wall or a material having thermal characteristics similar to those of the wall material.
Thanks to the use of microthermocouples disposed on the cut surface of the solid wall to be measured, it is possible to implant the thermocouple practically at the interface, depending on the dimensions of the thermocouple. The formation of the cut can be effected by cutting the member in two and then reuniting the two parts by any suitable process. It can also comprise the formation of a well with adjusted walls in which is then tightly provided a detector of complementary shape, carrying the thermocouple or thermocouples, and made of a material identical to that of the wall or having similar thermal characteristics.
In this latter case, the invention also has for its object a device for measuring the flux and temperatures at the interface of two media, such as solid/solid or solid/liquid media by means of at least one detector disposed in one of the solid walls, characterized in that said detector, whose body is of a material having thermal characteristics similar to the wall material, is disposed in a manner complementary to the interior of a recess opening onto the interface in which the measurements are taken. The walls of said recess are parallel to the flux at the corresponding point of contact of the interface. The detector has at least one cut plane parallel to the flux to be measured and incorporating in said cut plane at least two microthermocouples electrically insulated from the material of the body of the detector. The microthermocouples have a portion disposed perpendicular to said flux and at least one second portion in prolongation of the first portion connected to a unit for processing the measurements.
There has been proposed (see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,048,973 and 5,086,204) to provide in the wall material an annul
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Bardon Jean-Pierre
Jarny Yvon
Gutierrez Diego F. F.
Universite De Nantes
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