Process and device for producing a laminated material for slide

Details Process and device for producing a laminated material for slide Process and device for producing a laminated material for slide

1991-07-16

1993-07-13

Rosenberg, Peter D.

Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therei

Processes

Free metal or alloy reductant contains magnesium

164 95, 428548, B22D 1914

Patent

active

052269531

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a national phase of PCT/DE 90/00365 filed May 17, 1990 and based upon German National Application P3938234.6 filed Nov. 17, 1989.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a laminated material for slide elements with a sliding layer consisting of at least one alloy in the form of a metallurgical two-component or multi-component system with a miscibility gap (monotectic) which is applied to a substrate. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the process.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Alloys in the form of metallurgical two-component or multi-component systems with a miscibility gap (monotectic), also called dispersion alloys, generally consist of metallic components of very different specific weight. The heavy components, such as Pb in AlPb dispersion alloys have a strong tendency to segregate, for instance during the solidification of the alloy. Initially more mixed crystals of a different concentration are separated than during the later stage of cooling, so that the mixed crystals from the melt are not homogeneous. The manufacture of AlPb materials for use in slide bearings under terrestrial conditions using casting techniques is therefore made impossible for instance by the miscibility gap existing in the AlPb system. The fine distribution of lead in an Al-matrix required for use in a slide bearing material is not reached.
In connection with the production of functional layers of such dispersion alloys, DE-OS 31 37 745 for instance discloses the manufacture of metal powders by atomization of a melt and its sintering onto a substrate. However, this method provides a very nonhomogeneous structure, so that the results fluctuate considerably when tested in a machine for slide-bearing testing. In addition, it had been found that as a result of the inner notch effect, the pores which are still present in the sintered layer cause cracking when the slide element is subjected to alternating loads
From DE-AS 15 08 856 a method is already known which requires the use of continuous casting for aluminum alloys with a high content of lead. Thereby, a homogeneous one-phase melt of an aluminum-lead alloy containing 20 to 50% lead is cast onto a metallic substrate to directly produce a composite bearing material. However, this method leads to a defective bond of the AlPb sliding layer (functional layer) with the steel. Moreover, in spite of cooling with water, separation takes place even in the mold, which means that the temperature gradient between the temperature of the homogeneous melt and the mold temperature is too small, so that the onset of the thermodynamic equilibrium can not prevented. The result is a sliding layer with a homogeneous, segregated structure; a two-layered tribologically non-usable sandwich results, which in addition has the disadvantage of poor bonding with the substrate.
Also, from DE-PS 21 30 421 and DE-OS 22 41 628 methods for the production of composite metal strips are known, wherein molten aluminum exits through an opening in the bottom of a melting crucible and molten lead is guided in a thin, thread-like stream through the molten aluminum also in the opening in the bottom of the melting crucible. The melt mixture of for instance aluminum and lead formed in the bottom opening of the melting crucible is then vibrated and mixed by ga jets and blown onto the upper surface of a substrate travelling alongside. A functional layer produced this way is still nonhomogeneous to a large extent, whereby due to their much greater density the lead particles have a strong tendency to segregate and coagulate as the agitated stream of melt mixture is applied onto the surface of the substrate.
A method is known from DE-AS 22 63 268 wherein a melt mixture of lead and aluminum is laterally centrifuged in the form of fine particles by a rotor designed as a siphon and segregated on an impact wall where the material solidifies in the form of flakes (splatter cooling). However, due to its flak

REFERENCES:
patent: 4147533 (1979-04-01), Flinn

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