Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products – Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
Patent
1998-07-27
2000-05-02
Warden, Jill
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
204643, 204600, 204450, G01N 2726
Patent
active
060568615
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a method and a device for position and/or type-selective control of the position and/or change of position of suspended particles in a multielectrode system with the features of the preambles of patent claims 1 or 9, and especially planar and three-dimensional microelectrode configurations in semiconductor chip size, or a method of moving, holding, measuring or sorting suspended artificial or living particles (e.g. cells) or organic particles of microscopic size in fluids. For individual handling and/or characterization of such particles, and especially for directing them in a field gradient or traveling electric field, dielectric polarization forces are used that are generated by alternating electric fields and amplified by resonance phenomena.
Two basic principles are currently known by which electrical handling and characterization of individual objects can be performed: 1. the generation of field gradients in high-frequency alternating fields (Pohl, H. P., Dielectrophoresis, Cambridge University Press [1978]) and 2. application of rotating fields with a tunable rotation frequency (Arnold, W.-M. and Zimmermann, U., Z. Naturforsch. 37c, 908 [1982]). Related fields, but not included here, like electrophoresis and other direct-voltage techniques can also be used in part for the named particles but are not comparable in their effectiveness.
The first principle mentioned above leads to asymmetric polarization of microparticles, producing, (depending on the nature of the polarization, motion in the direction of higher or lower field strength. This response is termed positive or negative dielectrophoresis (Pohl, H. P., Dielectrophoresis, Cambridge University Press [1978]) and has been used for more than 30 years to move and separate suspended dielectric bodies and cells. In recent years dielectrophoretic principles have come into wider use in the biological/medical field through the introduction of semiconductor microelectrode systems (Washizu, M. et al., IEEE Trans. IA, 25(4), 352 [1990]; Schnelle, T. et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1157, 127 [1993]).
The second of the principles mentioned above, the application of rotating fields of variable frequency (this category also includes linear traveling fields (Hagedorn, R. et al., Electrophoresis 13, 49 [1992])), is used to characterize the passive electrical features of individual suspended particles, and especially of cells (Arnold, W.-M. and Zimmermann, U., Z. Naturforsch. 37c, 908 [1982]; Fuhr, G. et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 31, 975 [1990]). The principle can be summarized as follows. A particle is located in a circular electrode configuration with a rotating field with a speed of a few hertz to several hundred megahertz. Because of the viscosity of the solution, it reacts like the rotor of a dielectric asynchronous motor. In the case of cells with their extremely complex structure (cell wall, membrane, organelles, etc), the frequency spectra of the rotation (particle rotation as a function of the rotation frequency of the field) allow far-reaching conclusions about the physiology and the characteristics of individual components of the same (Arnold, W.-M. and Zimmermann, U., J. Electrostat. 21, 151 [1988]; Gimsa et al. in Schutt, W., Klinkmann, H., Lamprecht, I., Wilson, T., Physical Characterization of Biological Cells, Verlag Gesundheit GmbH, Berlin [1991]).
All alternating electric field methods make use of polarization forces resulting from the relaxation of induced charges. What is of disadvantage is the half width of the dielectric dispersions, which are approximately of the order of a frequency decade (Pohl, H. P., Dielectrophoresis, Cambridge University Press [1978]; Arnold, W.-M. and Zimmermann, U., J. Electrostat. 21, 151 [1988]). This means that differentiation or differentiated movement of different particles requires relatively large differences in the structure or the dielectric characteristics. A further problem, especially as the particle radius reduces, is that other forces (local flow, therma
REFERENCES:
patent: 4326934 (1982-04-01), Pohl
patent: 4390403 (1983-06-01), Batchelder
patent: 5059294 (1991-10-01), Lizardi
patent: 5084157 (1992-01-01), Clark et al.
patent: 5102524 (1992-04-01), Dutertre
patent: 5106468 (1992-04-01), Chimenti
patent: 5173164 (1992-12-01), Egen et al.
patent: 5645702 (1997-07-01), Witt et al.
Herbert A. Pohl, "Dielectrophoresis", Cambridge University Press (1978) (relevante Auszuge). Date of Publication is Unknown.
W.M. Arnold et al., "Rotating-Field-Induced Rotation and Measurement of the Membrane Capacitance of Single Mesophyll Cells", Z. Naturforsch. 37c, 908-915 (1982). Date of Publication is Unknown.
Masao Washizu et al., "Movement of Blood Cells in Liquid by Nonuniform Traveling Field", Bd. 24, Nr. 2, Marz 1988, S. 217-222. Date of Publication is Unknown.
Thomas Schnell et al., "Three-Dimensional electric field traps for manipulation of cells--calculation and experimental verification", Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1157, 127-140 (1993). Date of Publication is Unknown.
Rolf Hagerdorn et al., "Traveling-wave dielectrophoresis of microparticles", Department of Biology, Humboldt-University of Berlin, 49-54 (1992). Date of Publication is Unknown.
Gunter Fuhr et al., "Dielectric Spectroscopy of Chloroplasts Isolated from Higher Plants-Characterization of the Double-Mambrane System", Plant Cell Physiol. 31(7), 975-985 (1990). Date of Publication Known.
W.M. Arnold et al., "Electro-Rotation: Development of a Technique for Dielectric Measurements on Individual Cells and Particles", Journal of Electrostatics 21, 151-191 (1988). Date of Publication is Unknown.
J. Gimsa et al., "Physical Characterization of Biological Cells", Verlag Gesundheit GmbH, Berlin 296-323 (1991). Date of Publication Unknown.
Masao Washizu et al., "Handling Biological Cells Using a Fluid Integrated Circuit", IEEE Trans. IA, 25(4), 352-359 (1990). Date of Publication is Unknown.
Felix M. Moesner et al., "Electrostatic Devices for Particle Micro-Handling", Bd. 2, 1302-1309 (1995).
Fuhr Gunter
Gimsa Jan
Muller Torsten
Schnelle Thomas
Fuhr Gunter
Noguerola Alex
Warden Jill
LandOfFree
Process and device for generating resonance phenomena in particl does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Process and device for generating resonance phenomena in particl, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Process and device for generating resonance phenomena in particl will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1591376