Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Processes – Separating a starting material into plural different...
Patent
1994-11-08
1997-04-01
Cano, Milton
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Processes
Separating a starting material into plural different...
426481, 426489, 99487, 99493, 99495, 99509, 100 45, 100 70R, 100 73, 100 99, 435267, A23L 204
Patent
active
056163576
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for separating soluble materials from insoluble solid portions in at least partially crushed cell association, especially of fruits, using a press, centrifuge or a decanter, and a solvent, and a device for its implementation.
The capacity of an apple mash to be pressed is characterized primarily by the ratio of hardness of the cell structure to the viscosity of the juice. Especially in stored apples or in the cloudy juice process this ratio is very unfavorable. This results in highly reduced and a decreased press performances The use of mash enzymes to increase yield and performance is not always feasible because of reasons of process engineering or of economic reasons.
If belt presses are used for solid-liquid separation, in order to achieve acceptable performance and yield multistage systems are used which run with intermediate soaking and a water percentage from 20 to 40% relative to the raw product. Thus, according to DE-C2 26 44 976 (R. Basnard) a belt press for expressing liquids contained in pulps is known. This press comprises one rotating endless upper and lower filter band each of which is guided over guide rolls and their adjacent sections are pressed against one another by press rollers. As a result, the pulp on the upper section of the upper filter belt undergoes filtration, then stirring of the pulpy residue with the addition of a solvent, and finally pressing between the two filter belts. Under the end of the upper piece of the upper filter belt there are a mixing chamber with a water feed line, a stirring mechanism, and an overflow on the mixing chamber above the inlet section of the lower filter belt.
Furthermore, according to EP-A10 149 183 (Bellmer) a process is known for expressing especially fruits in at least two steps. In doing so, in the first step the fruits are expressed to obtain pure juice of prime quality in a press and from the fruit concentrate (marc) a juice of second quality (nectar, fruit juice beverage) is obtained using water. The marc discharged by the press is enriched with a proportionable amount of water and passes through a reaction station where it remains for an adjustable time. Finally, it is sent directly to a second pressing.
The object of the present invention is to increase the performance and yield in solid-liquid separation processes.
The object of this invention is achieved by a process of the type mentioned initially which is characterized by the fact that first the solvent is sent to an at least partially crushed cell agglomerations and then the liquid portions of the mixture of the cell agglomeration and solvent are separated from the solid portions with the press, centrifuge, or with a decanter.
According to one advantageous feature of the invention a liquid, especially water, alcohol or hydrochloric acid is supplied as the solvent.
According to another feature of the invention the supply of liquid is controlled depending on the amount of at least partially crushed cell associations which are supplied.
Preferably, the amount of supplied liquid is controlled proportionally to the amount of supplied cell agglomerations such that the juice yield is 90% by weight of the amount of supplied cell agglomerations.
An apparatus for performing the process comprises a fruit tank, a mill attached to the tank for crushing the fruit, a pump with discharge line for the at least partially crushed cell agglomerations and a press for solid-liquid separation. This apparatus characterized by means for supplying water to the mill, by means for measuring the decrease of the contents of the fruit tank and by a controller for the amount of water supplied to the mill which is supplied with the output signal of the measurement means for the amount of fruit as the command variable.
One embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is characterized by a controller comprising a flowmeter for the supplied water and a microprocessor to which the measurement signals of the flowmeter and the measurement means for the amount of fruit are sent
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Bucher-Guyer AG Maschinenfabrik
Cano Milton
Jaskiewicz Edmund M.
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