Process and apparatus for producing fuel gas

Details Process and apparatus for producing fuel gas Process and apparatus for producing fuel gas

1997-12-23

1999-10-05

Tran, Hien

Gas: heating and illuminating

Processes

Fuel mixtures

48 76, 48123, 585240, 110235, 110248, C10J 128, C07C 100, B09B 300

Patent

active

059616733

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a method of an arrangement for producing fuel gas from carbonaceous products, in particular from waste and residual materials conditioned or processed in a suitable manner.


PRIOR ART

German Offenlegungsschrift 33 12 863 discloses a method of burning combustible material in which combustible exhaust gases are fed to a combustion chamber. In this case, the exhaust gases are separately directed from inside the combustion chamber to its outlet or outlets, and fresh air is admixed to the separately directed exhaust gases. Thus, as far as possible, complete and trouble-free burn-out of the exhaust gases is to be made possible.
German Patent 34 09 292 and German Patent 37 05 406 disclose gas generators in a construction unit having a combustion chamber as so-called gasification heating boilers. These consist of a charging shaft arranged above a movable grate, a reaction space adjoining the charging shaft above the grate, a combustion chamber arranged below the grate, and a flame tube provided inside the combustion chamber.
Due to the gasification control in this gasification heating boiler as parallel-flow gasification, in the course of which the material to be gasified and the gasification medium pass through the gasification apparatus from top to bottom and the fuel gas produced is drawn off in direct proximity to the ash discharge, carbon particles are discharged by the fuel gas and thus problems occur during the combustion of the gas in the form of too high a residual CO content in the exhaust gas.
The object of the invention is to increase the purity of the gas produced and, thus, to broaden its utility, combined with complete utilization of the carbon contained in the waste or residual material used, optimum utilization of the fuel gas produced, and minimization of the pollutant discharge due to the combustion exhaust gases issuing after the extraction of heat.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object is achieved according to the invention in that, according to the method, the waste or residual materials, which are conditioned or processed in a suitable manner, are gasified as solids in a gasification apparatus by air or a gas mixture, which contains air or oxygen, as gasification medium. In this case, the material to be gasified and the gasification medium are directed in mixed flow by virtue of the fact that the solid to be gasified passes through the gasification furnace from top to bottom, and the gasification medium is fed to the solid filling both from above and from below and at the side, but at least at the side and at one of the other said locations, and the fuel gas is preferably drawn off at the side opposite the lateral feed of the gasification medium.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a gasification apparatus.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The gasification operation in the gasification apparatus is regulated according to the invention by recording the temperature profile over the height of the gasification apparatus. In this case, the position of the main gasification zone, in accordance with the maximum temperature zone, is regulated via the movement of the sliding grate and, thus, via the ash discharge. The optimum gasification temperature, which differs according to the type of waste or residual material, is regulated via the size and composition of the gasification-medium flow, and the output of the gasification furnace is regulated via the width of the gasification-medium feed by feed locations arranged one above the other.
The fuel gas produced can be fed completely or partly, without further processing, to a combustion chamber, which is arranged under the gasification apparatus in a construction unit and is of a type of construction known per se, and the combustion gases which develop can be thermally utilized. However, the fuel gas is advantageously fed to a machine for generating electrical energy. The residual heat is thermally utilized by means of a waste-heat boiler. After the extrac

REFERENCES:
patent: 4388082 (1983-06-01), Guttman et al.
patent: 4747355 (1988-05-01), van Berkum

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