Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Patent
1983-04-04
1986-03-18
Robinson, Allen J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
A61K 3578
Patent
active
045768200
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is with respect to a process and apparatus for debittering bitter lupin seed.
The bitter lupin is a crop plant that has been grown even in ancient Egypt and then later all over the Mediterranean Region and in South America. On account of the high content in its seed of completely digestible protein of 40% and over and its oil content of 15 to 20%, it was and is esteemed as a nutrient for man and animals.
However before bitter lupin seed may be used as a food for man or animals it has to be freed of its bitter substances, this being not only for freeing it of the bitter taste but furthermore to make certain that the bitter substances are not the cause of the so-called lupin disease, that is specially likely in the case of domestic animals.
In one well-known process for freeing lupin seed of bitter substances, the lupin seed is firstly boiled and then steeped in water for up to 48 hours. The shortcoming of this process is that it is complex and high in price to undertake and that there is a marked loss in the food value of the lupin seed. Furthermore large amounts of water are needed and contamination of the rivers or the like into which the waste is run may well be a cause of trouble. There are futhermore debittering processes run on solvents other than water, but such processes have serious shortcomings.
In addition to the use of bitter lupin seed as a food for man and a feedstuff for animals, the seed has futhermore been used in a milled form as a material for promoting the growth of plants. The effects of milled lupin seed on the growth of plants are however small.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is that of designing a debittering process for lupin seed, which may be undertaken with only a small amount of energy while at the same time generally keeping the nutritive value of the lupin seed unchanged and opening up a way of recovering the bitter substances for further use.
This purpose of the present invention is effected in that the lupin seed is very finely milled and is extracted while cold with lupin extract solutions of different strength in countercurrent, the solvent used being water.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The useful effect offered by the process of the invention is that while only using water as a solvent and without the input of heat, a debittering extraction operation is undertaken, that on the one hand does not make for any loss in the quality of the protein content of the lupin seed and on the other hand keeps the loss in quality of the nutrients within tight limits, such loss in any case being limited to the so-called nitrogen-free extracts.
Because in the process of the invention the alkaloids present in the lupin seed are recovered in a concentrated form together with substances occurring with them, and may be put to some use, the small loss in the nutrient value may be readily balanced economically. In fact it may even be outweighed, because, as has been seen from tests, the concentrates of the extracts in a liquid or dry form are highly effective materials for promoting plant growth and furthermore may be used as an insecticide and herbicide and for pharmacological purposes.
The apparatus for undertaking the process of the invention is characterized by a milling unit, at least one extraction unit with a filtering lower plate or stage for taking up the lupin seed to be debittered and with storage spaces, put in circuit with the extraction apparatus, for taking up the lupin seed extract solutions.
The useful effect given by this apparatus is that it is of such a design that it may be used in industry, and when run continuously, large amounts of debittered lupin seed may be produced for food and animal feedstuff purposes, while at the same time large amounts of the very valuable lupin extract, containing the bitter substances, are produced that may be put to many different uses, more specially in agriculture and forestry.
Further details and useful effects of the invention will be s
REFERENCES:
Abstract 8532b, Chemical Abstracts, vol. 43, 1949.
Abstract 56733z, Plant Biochemistry, vol. 76, 1972.
Lehrbuch der pharmazeutischen Technologie, Verlag Chemie, 1979.
Excerpt from Keeler, R. F., Gross, R. (1980) p. 193.
Mittex Brochure, European Search Report.
Mittex Aktiengesellschaft
Robinson Allen J.
Rollins Jr. John W.
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