Process and apparatus for forming solid particles by cross-linki

Details Process and apparatus for forming solid particles by cross-linki Process and apparatus for forming solid particles by cross-linki

1995-06-07

1997-05-13

Naff, David M.

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

Carrier-bound or immobilized enzyme or microbial cell;...

Enzyme or microbial cell is immobilized on or in an organic...

264 4, 424489, 426 11, 426 15, 435174, 435182, 4352831, C12N 1100, C12N 1110, C12M 100, C12M 140

Patent

active

056291876

ABSTRACT:
A process and apparatus are provided for making solid Particles from an ionically cross-linkable material by cross-linking drops of the material with a cross-linking agent in the form of a falling stream. In one embodiment, a stream of the cross-linking agent flows down the inner walls of an enclosure and drops of the material are directed to the stream of cross-linking agent. In another embodiment, a stream of the cross-linking agent is free-falling by gravity in a cascade without contacting any surface and drops of the material are directed to the stream of cross-linking agent. Solid particles are separated from the cross-linking agent at about the bottom of the enclosure or at about the bottom of the cascade. The drops of cross-linkable material are directed at the stream of cross-linking agent preferably at an angle of incidence of less than 90.degree. such as between 5.degree. and 45.degree. and most preferably between 15.degree. and 30.degree.. Particles having a size of 10 .mu.m to 4 mm may be produced. Double layer particles can be produced by using a double nozzle constituted by two concentric orifices. The cross-linkable material may be alginic acid and the cross-linking agent may be a divalent cation such as calcium. Particles containing micro-organism cells may be obtained by combining micro-organism cells with the cross-linkable material before drops are formed. In a preferred embodiment, particles are produced containing Saccharomyces cerivisiae for making sparking wines.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4352883 (1982-10-01), Lim
patent: 4800160 (1989-01-01), Iguchi et al.
patent: 4828997 (1989-05-01), Yamaguchi et al.

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