Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Making an insoluble substance or accreting suspended...
Patent
1991-05-03
1993-04-06
Hruskoci, Peter
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Making an insoluble substance or accreting suspended...
210710, 210712, 210718, 210737, 210771, 210774, 210787, 210177, 210181, 210197, 210182, 210905, 426657, 530412, 530427, C02F 1112
Patent
active
052000850
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process and apparatus for extraction of fat (pure industrial grease) and/or wet solid matter--especially solid matter containing protein--from sludge and/or waste water, particularly from the sludge of slaughterhouse.
The proportion of wastes and by-products derived from meat processing, as well as the water utilization relative to the live weight of the animal to be slaughtered is fairly large. Consequently the amount of industrial (slaughterhouse) waste water is also significant, this however--in contrast to several other kind of waste waters--represent not only environment protection problems, but is valuable fat and protein content is regarded as utilizable special slaughterhouse waste. Purified industrial grease and meat meal for feeding can be extracted from these waste waters.
Industrial waste waters and other wastes of the meat industry are derived from slaughtering animals, preparation of skin, emptying the rumen, stomach, intestines, meat and fat processing and transport of animals. Characteristic data of the industrial waste waters produced in the Hungarian meat industrial enterprises are the following:
______________________________________ quanity of industrial waste water
1000-4000 m.sup.3 /day
pH 6.5-8.0
KOI (chemical oxygen requirement)
1000-20000
mgO.sub.2 /dm.sup.3
CCl.sub.4 fats (organic solvent extract)
500-800 mg/dm.sup.3
settling solids 1000-2500 mg/dm.sup.3
solids passing through sieve
150-300 mg/dm.sup.3
distribution of settling solids
passing through sieve:
waste containing protein
50-90 mg/dm.sup.3
fibrous material (e.g. straw, etc.)
100-210 mg/dm.sup.3
______________________________________
Various technologies and apparatuses were developed for the treatment of industrial waste waters of the slaughterhouse. According to a most frequently used solution, the collected industrial waste water is filtered through sieve, the lumpy solids retained on the sieve are mixed with wastes derived from elsewhere, and meat meal is produced from the mixture. The waste water flowing through the sieve is conducted into aerated fat trap, and from there the fat with air drops to the water surface. Then the fat is mechanically removed with continuous dredging and carried off for processing.
The partly degreased waste water is conducted to reactor where calcium hydrate suspension and iron(II) sulfate are mixed to it. Under the effect of these chemicals and air, flocculation takes place in the waste water, and floccules develop in the course of mixing. The chemical purification taking place in the reactor is the following: under the effect of lye the water-fat decompose and the fat particles present as colloids and other floating matters become adsorbed in the large Fe/OH/.sub.3 floccules.
The waste water passes from the reactor (flocculator) under overpressure into the stationary flotation machine. Here compressed air exceeding the atmospheric pressure is conducted into the waste water, then the overpressure is stopped. Tiny air bubbles ascend to the surface entraining the sludge floccules, thereby separating the sludge and water phases. In the course of above process, water content of the sludge is substantially reduced. For further dewatering, the sludge is continuously drained from the flotated waste water. The purified waste water is discharged into the public canal, or biological waste water treatment tank.
In some apparatuses the chemical sludge developed during treatment is fed into pressure filter for dewatering, and the sludge obtained by filtering is used either as compost in the agriculture, or--if unsuitable for this purpose--collected in sludge dump for annihilation. But, because of the chemical treatment, the possibility of using sludge as basic material of feed is excluded.
There are some processes where ligno-sulfonic acid is used as flocculent. Though the so-treated sludge was used earlier as basic material of feed, but recently the use of sludge for feeding animals can be sold at best as compost, or annililated at high
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Bende Gyorgy
Havas Ferenc
Illes Janos
Janko Ferenc
Neszmelyi Erzsebet
Hruskoci Peter
Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar Rt.
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